PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS3 LABEL_REVISION_NOTE = " 30 Apr 1998, a.c.raugh: Begin label revision history. 4 Sep 1998, t.l.brown: pulled out reference descriptions, added refkeyids in text. Changed DATA_PROVIDER_FULL_NAME to OBSERVER_FULL_NAME. 13 Dec 2000, a.c.raugh: V2.0: Split main file into separate file for each spectrum (main file is retained), added FILE_NAME column to 'smassndx.tab', cosmetic changes to all labels, provided object numbers for those objects numbered after the initial ingest (retaining original designations). 08 Jun 2003, A.C.Raugh: modified TARGET_NAME values and file names. " OBJECT = DATA_SET DATA_SET_ID = "EAR-A-M3SPEC-3-RDR-SMASS-V2.1" DATA_SET_LOCAL_ID = "SMASS" OBJECT = DATA_SET_INFORMATION DATA_SET_NAME = "SMASS ASTEROID SURVEY V2.1" DATA_SET_TERSE_DESC = "Small Main-Belt Asteroid Spectrographic Survey over the visual range" ARCHIVE_STATUS = "LOCALLY_ARCHIVED" DATA_SET_COLLECTION_MEMBER_FLG = "N" DATA_OBJECT_TYPE = TABLE START_TIME = 1990 STOP_TIME = 1994 DATA_SET_RELEASE_DATE = 1996-03-29 /* Peer Review Date */ PRODUCER_FULL_NAME = "David J. Tholen" OBSERVER_FULL_NAME = "Richard P. Binzel" DATA_SET_UPDATE_PERIOD = 2.0 DETAILED_CATALOG_FLAG = "N" DATA_SET_DESC = " Data Set Overview ================= The Small Main-belt Asteroid Spectrographic Survey (SMASS) was initiated in 1990 with the goal of obtaining spectra over the visual wavelength region for a substantial number of small (D < 20 km) main-belt asteroids. Observations were primarily made using the 2.4 m Hiltner telescope, located at the Michigan-Dartmouth-MIT (MDM) Observatory on the southwest ridge of Kitt Peak in Arizona. The Mark III spectrograph, equipped with a TI 4849 CCD (398 x 598 pixels) was used with a low resolution grism (150 line/mm, blazed at 7300 A) to cover the wavelength range from 4000 to 10000 A in a single exposure, with a dispersion of ~10 A/pixel. A Wratten 12 filter (cutoff < 6000 A) was placed over one-half of the CCD dewar window (the red spectral half) in order to block the second order spectral image. This setup has the ability to image the entire spectrum in a single exposure and has many advantages over piecing together the different spectral regions from separate images. In particular, the effects resulting from the asteroid's rotational lightcurve can be neglected when the entire spectral range is imaged simultaneously. While the typical seeing at MDM gives images with a FWHM of less than or equal to 2 arcsec, a 4.7 arcsec wide slit, oriented in the N-S direction, was regularly used. This slit width results in a spectral resolution of abut 50 A. A total of 316 asteroids were included in the survey. The data have been published in Xu, et al. (Icarus 115, 1-35, 1995) [XUETAL1995]. SMASS is an ongoing survey and data will be added to this archive yearly as they are published. Parameters ========== The parameters included for each asteroid are scaled reflectance as a function of wavelength (in SMASS.TAB), and the first and second principal components of the principal component analysis carried out on the reflectance spectra (in SMASSPC.TAB). Data ==== The scaled reflectances as a function of wavelength are in the file SMASS.TAB. The data on the 316 different asteroids are concatenated in this file. SMASSNDX.TAB is an index to the data table, and gives the starting record, ending record, and number of records in SMASS.TAB for each asteroid spectrum. SMASSPC.TAB gives the first and second principal components for each of 315 of the asteroids, 5145 Pholus having been omitted from the principal component analysis. Ancillary Data ============== Principal component analysis was carried out for 315 of the asteroid spectra (asteroid 5145 Pholus was omitted from the analysis due to its very unusual spectrum). SMASSPC.TAB gives the first and second principal components for each of the 315 asteroids. For information on the principal component analysis technique, see [CHATFIELDETAL1980]. The eigenvectors for the first two principal components are tabulated in SMASSEIG.TAB. The principal components PC1 and PC2 for each asteroid are calculated from the observed reflectances (normalized to unity at 5500 A), at 50 equally spaced wavelengths from 4800 - 9700 A. At the ith wavelength: lambda(i) = Wavelength E1(i) = ith Eigenvector coefficient for PC1 E2(i) = ith Eigenvector coefficient for PC2 R(i) = Asteroid reflectance at lambda(i) (normalized to unity at 5500A) m(i) = mean value of R(i) for the entire set of asteroid spectra s(i) = standard deviation of R(i) for the entire set of asteroid spectra PC1 and PC2 are calculated as follows: 50 PC1 = SUM E1(i)*{[R(i)-m(i)]/s(i)} i=1 50 PC2 = SUM E2(i)*{[R(i)-m(i)]/s(i)} i=1 (where 'SUM' represents the standard mathematical summation notation) Modification History ==================== For Version 2.0, separate spectra files for each asteroid were created by extracting the appropriate lines from the 'smass.tab' main data file, trimming off the object identification, and providing individual labels. The original data files were updated slightly to include catalog numbers for those asteroids which received numbers after the data were published. Data were not re-sorted for these numbers, however, which all occur at the end of the file. The provisional designations used to identify objects in the original data file have been retained for cross-reference. " CONFIDENCE_LEVEL_NOTE = " Confidence Level Overview ========================= The user is referred to the paper in which these data were published: Xu, et al. (1995) [XUETAL1995] for information about the confidence level of the data. Review ====== This data set underwent external peer review on Mar. 29, 1996." END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_INFORMATION OBJECT = DATA_SET_HOST INSTRUMENT_HOST_ID = "MDM" INSTRUMENT_ID = "M3SPEC" END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_HOST OBJECT = DATA_SET_REFERENCE_INFORMATION REFERENCE_KEY_ID = { "XUETAL1995", "CHATFIELDETAL1980" } END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_REFERENCE_INFORMATION OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = { "10 HYGIEA", "1063 AQUILEGIA", "1071 BRITA", "1084 TAMARIWA", "11066", "111 ATE", "1110 JAROSLAWA", "1143 ODYSSEUS", "1144 ODA", "1145 ROBELMONTE", "116 SIRONA", "1165 IMPRINETTA", "1166 SAKUNTALA", "1198 ATLANTIS", "124 ALKESTE", "1257 MORA", "126 VELLEDA", "1264 LETABA", "1273 HELMA", "1279 UGANDA", "128 NEMESIS", "1289 KUTAISSI", "1302 WERRA", "131 VALA", "1325 INANDA", "134 SOPHROSYNE", "1358 GAIKA", "137 MELIBOEA", "1375 ALFREDA", "1379 LOMONOSOWA", "138 TOLOSA", "1393 SOFALA", "14 IRENE", "1451 GRANO", "1463 NORDENMARKIA", "1471 TORNIO", "1478 VIHURI", "1480 AUNUS", "149 MEDUSA", "1501 BAADE", "1518 ROVANIEMI", "1534 NASI", "157 DEJANIRA", "1577 REISS", "158 KORONIS", "1584 FUJI", "1607 MAVIS", "1626 SADEYA", "1628 STROBEL", "1646 ROSSELAND", "1651 BEHRENS", "1653 YAKHONTOVIA", "1658 INNES", "167 URDA", "1679 NEVANLINNA", "169 ZELIA", "1697 KOSKENNIEMI", "1712 ANGOLA", "1722 GOFFIN", "1725 CRAO", "1743 SCHMIDT", "1749 TELAMON", "1772 GAGARIN", "1781 VAN BIESBROECK", "18 MELPOMENE", "1807 SLOVAKIA", "185 EUNIKE", "1854 SKVORTSOV", "186 CELUTA", "1892 LUCIENNE", "1906 NAEF", "1907 RUDNEVA", "1929 KOLLAA", "1933 TINCHEN", "1934 JEFFERS", "196 PHILOMELA", "1967 MENZEL", "1991 XB", "1992 NA", "1992 UB", "1995 HAJEK", "2011 VETERANIYA", "2014 VASILEVSKIS", "2017 WESSON", "2024 MCLAUGHLIN", "204 KALLISTO", "2060 CHIRON", "2070 HUMASON", "2074 SHOEMAKER", "2078 NANKING", "2091 SAMPO", "2098 ZYSKIN", "2105 GUDY", "2107 ILMARI", "211 ISOLDA", "2113 EHRDNI", "2119 SCHWALL", "2128 WETHERILL", "2130 EVDOKIYA", "2140 KEMEROVO", "2143 JIMARNOLD", "2149 SCHWAMBRANIYA", "2159 KUKKAMAKI", "2174 ASMODEUS", "218 BIANCA", "22 KALLIOPE", "2204 LYYLI", "221 EOS", "2215 SICHUAN", "2253 ESPINETTE", "2259 SOFIEVKA", "2299 HANKO", "230 ATHAMANTIS", "231 VINDOBONA", "2327 GERSHBERG", "234 BARBARA", "235 CAROLINA", "2365 INTERKOSMOS", "237 COELESTINA", "239 ADRASTEA", "2403 SUMAVA", "2420 CIURLIONIS", "243 IDA", "2440 EDUCATIO", "2442 CORBETT", "2444 LEDERLE", "245 VERA", "248 LAMEIA", "25 PHOCAEA", "2503 LIAONING", "2538 VANDERLINDEN", "2558 VIV", "256 WALPURGA", "2590 MOURAO", "2599 VESELI", "2645 DAPHNE PLANE", "2728 YATSKIV", "2775 ODISHAW", "2790 NEEDHAM", "28 BELLONA", "287 NEPHTHYS", "289 NENETTA", "29 AMPHITRITE", "290 BRUNA", "2908 SHIMOYAMA", "291 ALICE", "292 LUDOVICA", "2920 AUTOMEDON", "2923 SCHUYLER", "2946 MUCHACHOS", "2965 SURIKOV", "2966 KORSUNIA", "297 CAECILIA", "3 JUNO", "3109 MACHIN", "314 ROSALIA", "3153 LINCOLN", "3155 LEE", "3158 ANGA", "3167 BABCOCK", "319 LEONA", "32 POMONA", "3220 MURAYAMA", "3231 MILA", "3268 DE SANCTIS", "3285 RUTH WOLFE", "3321 DASHA", "3332 RAKSHA", "3354 MCNAIR", "3381 MIKKOLA", "339 DOROTHEA", "3431 NAKANO", "345 TERCIDINA", "346 HERMENTARIA", "349 DEMBOWSKA", "3494 PURPLE MOUNTAIN", "350 ORNAMENTA", "3501 OLEGIYA", "3523 ARINA", "3528 COUNSELMAN", "354 ELEONORA", "3559 VIOLAUMAYER", "3578 CARESTIA", "3586 VASNETSOV", "36 ATALANTE", "3628 BOZNEMCOVA", "3657 ERMOLOVA", "3665 FITZGERALD", "3674 ERBISBUHL", "3677 MAGNUSSON", "371 BOHEMIA", "374 BURGUNDIA", "3740 MENGE", "3748 TATUM", "3759 PIIRONEN", "3760 POUTANEN", "3792 PRESTON", "38 LEDA", "384 BURDIGALA", "3869 NORTON", "39 LAETITIA", "3915 FUKUSHIMA", "3935 TOATENMONGAKKAI", "3944 HALLIDAY", "3963 PARADZHANOV", "3968 KOPTELOV", "3999 ARISTARCHUS", "4 VESTA", "4002 SHINAGAWA", "4005 DYAGILEV", "4006 SANDLER", "402 CHLOE", "4025 RIDLEY", "4031 MUELLER", "4038 KRISTINA", "4062 SCHIAPARELLI", "4085 WEIR", "4104 ALU", "4145 MAXIMOVA", "4147 LENNON", "4156", "4159 FREEMAN", "416 VATICANA", "4165 DIDKOVSKIJ", "4179 TOUTATIS", "42 ISIS", "4215 KAMO", "4219 NAKAMURA", "4282 ENDATE", "43 ARIADNE", "430 HYBRIS", "4353 ONIZAKI", "4370 DICKENS", "4373 CRESPO", "4376 SHIGEMORI", "441 BATHILDE", "4440 TCHANTCHES", "446 AETERNITAS", "4510 SHAWNA", "4546 FRANCK", "456 ABNOBA", "4562", "4606 SAHEKI", "4635 RIMBAUD", "4640 HARA", "467 LAURA", "4673 BORTLE", "470 KILIA", "471 PAPAGENA", "474 PRUDENTIA", "4761 URRUTIA", "477 ITALIA", "480 HANSA", "481 EMITA", "4939", "4948", "495 EULALIA", "4956 NOYMER", "5065 JOHNSTONE", "509 IOLANDA", "511 DAVIDA", "5118 ELNAPOUL", "512 TAURINENSIS", "5143 HERACLES", "5145 PHOLUS", "518 HALAWE", "519 SYLVANIA", "529 PREZIOSA", "53 KALYPSO", "54 ALEXANDRA", "541 DEBORAH", "55 PANDORA", "550 SENTA", "563 SULEIKA", "582 OLYMPIA", "599 LUISA", "6 HEBE", "61 DANAE", "631 PHILIPPINA", "639 LATONA", "653 BERENIKE", "675 LUDMILLA", "68 LETO", "683 LANZIA", "7 IRIS", "702 ALAUDA", "71 NIOBE", "72 FERONIA", "720 BOHLINIA", "722 FRIEDA", "724 HAPAG", "73 KLYTIA", "732 TJILAKI", "7341", "737 AREQUIPA", "7474", "752 SULAMITIS", "774 ARMOR", "787 MOSKVA", "788 HOHENSTEINA", "8 FLORA", "803 PICKA", "808 MERXIA", "811 NAUHEIMA", "813 BAUMEIA", "8176", "82 ALKMENE", "851 ZEISSIA", "86 SEMELE", "863 BENKOELA", "879 RICARDA", "88 THISBE", "900 ROSALINDE", "915 COSETTE", "918 ITHA", "951 GASPRA", "ASTEROID" } END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET END_OBJECT = DATA_SET END