Asteroid Radar History

                                                                                                    
                                                                                                         
In the following table, NEA = near-Earth asteroid, PHA = Potentially                                        
Hazardous Asteroid, MBA = main-belt asteroid, BIN = binary,                                          
and XXX-N identifies the Nth radar-detected XXX.  For comets,                                            
"n" and/or "c" in parentheses indicates detection of the nucleus and/or                                  
the coma.                                                                                                
                                                                                                         
[K] denotes the object's Kth apparition that yielded a radar detection.                                  
                                                                                                         
Observatory abbreviations are given in brackets after the reference.                                     
  For multi-observatory experiments, the order in which observatories                                    
  detected echoes is indicated. For two-antenna observations, the transmitting                           
  and receiving antennas are given along with the transmitter frequency (MHz)                            
  in the format [TX-RCV(FREQ)].                                                                          
                                                                                                         
Wavelengths are as follows unless otherwise indicated:                                                   
	[H]      Haystack                      3.8 cm                                                           
	[G]      Goldstone                     3.5                                                              
	[A]      Arecibo                      13                                                                
	[VLA]    Very Large Array              3.5 	                                                            
	[VLBA]   Very Long Baseline Array     13 or 3.5                                                         
	[EF]     Effelsberg                    6                                                                
	[EV]     Evpatoria                     3.5                                                              
	[K]      Kashima                       3.5                                                              
	[U]      Usuda                         3.5                                                              
	[MA]     Madrid                       13                                                                
	[GBT]    Greenbank Telescope          13                                                                
	[ME]     Medicina                      3.5                                                              

Group Asteroid App'n Year Month Ref Obs ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NEA-1 1566 Icarus [1] 1968 Jun 1 [G] PHA-1 " " 2 [H] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NEA-2 1685 Toro [1] 1972 Aug 3 [G 13 cm] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NEA-3 433 Eros [1] 1975 Jan 4 [G 3.5, 13 cm] " " 5 [A 70 cm] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NEA-4 1580 Betulia [1] 1976 May 6 [A] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MBA-1 1 Ceres [1] 1977 Mar 7 [A] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MBA-2 4 Vesta [1] 1979 Nov 8 [A] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MBA-3 7 Iris [1] 1980 Sep 9,26,40 [A] NEA 1685 Toro [2] 1980 Jul 10 [A] MBA-4 16 Psyche [1] 1980 Nov 9 [A] NEA-5 1862 Apollo [1] 1980 Nov 32 [A] PHA-2 " " 12 [G] Comet-1 2P/Encke (n) [1] 1980 Nov 60 [A] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MBA-5 97 Klotho [1] 1981 Jan 9 [A] NEA-6 1915 Quetzalcoatl [1] 1981 Feb 52 [A] MBA 4 Vesta [2] 1981 Feb 9,30,40 [A] NEA-7 2100 Ra-Shalom [1] 1981 Aug 13 [A] MBA-6 8 Flora [1] 1981 Dec 9,40 [A] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MBA-7 2 Pallas [1] 1982 Mar 9,30,40 [A] Comet-2 26P/Grigg-Skjellerup (n) [1] 1982 May 61 [A] MBA-8 12 Victoria [1] 1982 Sep 9,26,40 [A] MBA-9 19 Fortuna [1] 1982 Sep 9,40 [A] MBA-10 46 Hestia [1] 1982 Nov 9,40 [A] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MBA-11 5 Astraea [1] 1983 Feb 9,40 [A] NEA-8 1620 Geographos [1] 1983 Feb 20 [A] PHA-3 MBA-12 139 Juewa [1] 1983 Feb 9,40 [A] Comet-3 C/IRAS-Araki-Alcock (n,c) [1] 1983 May 55 [G 13 cm] " (n,c) " 56 [A] " (n) " 55 [G 3.5 cm] Comet-4 C/Sugano-Saigusa-Fujikawa (n)[1] 1983 Jun 58 [A] NEA-9 2201 Oljato [1] 1983 Jun 20 [A] PHA-4 MBA-13 356 Liguria [1] 1983 Oct 9,40 [A] MBA-14 80 Sappho [1] 1983 Oct 9,40 [A] MBA-15 694 Ekard [1] 1983 Oct 9,40 [A] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MBA-16 9 Metis [1] 1984 Mar 9,26,40 [A] NEA-10 2101 Adonis [1] 1984 Jun 31 [A] PHA-5 NEA 2100 Ra-Shalom [2] 1984 Aug 21 [A] MBA-17 554 Peraga [1] 1984 Oct 9,40 [A] MBA-18 144 Vibilia [1] 1984 Oct 9,40 [A] MBA 1 Ceres [2] 1984 Oct 9 30,40 [A] MBA 7 Iris [2] 1984 Dec 26,40 [A] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MBA-19 6 Hebe [1] 1985 Jan 9,40 [A] NEA-11 1627 Ivar [1] 1985 Jul 18 [A] MBA-20 41 Daphne [1] 1985 Apr 9,40 [A] NEA-12 1036 Ganymed [1] 1985 Sep 20 [A] MBA-21 21 Lutetia [1] 1985 Sep 40 [A] MBA-22 33 Polymymnia [1] 1985 Sep 40 [A] MBA-23 84 Klio [1] 1985 Sep 40 [A] MBA-24 192 Nausikaa [1] 1985 Sep 40 [A] MBA-25 230 Athamantis [1] 1985 Sep 40 [A] MBA-26 216 Kleopatra [1] 1985 Nov 26,40 [A] NEA-13 1866 Sisyphus [1] 1985 Dec 20 [A] MBA-27 18 Melpomene [1] 1985 Dec 40 [A] MBA 16 Psyche [2] 1985 Dec 40 [A] Comet-5 1P/Halley (c) [1] 1985 Dec 54 [A] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MBA 1 Ceres [3] 1986 Cer 30,40 [A] NEA-14 6178 1986 DA [1] 1986 Apr 11 [A] NEA-15 14827 Hypnos (1986 JK) [1] 1986 May 16 [G] PHA-6 MBA-28 393 Lampetia [1] 1986 Jul 40 [A] NEA-16 3103 Eger (1982 BB) [1] 1986 Jul 31 [A] NEA-17 3199 Nefertiti [1] 1986 Sep 52 [A] MBA 9 Metis [2] 1986 Nov 26,40 [A] MBA-29 27 Euterpe [1] 1986 Nov 40 [A] MBA 19 Fortuna [2] 1986 Nov 40 [A] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MBA 5 Astraea [2] 1987 Feb 40 [A] MBA-30 532 Herculina [1] 1987 Apr 40 [A] MBA 2 Pallas [2] 1987 Apr 30,40 [A] NEA-18 1981 Midas [1] 1987 Sep 20 [G] PHA-7 NEA-19 3757 1982 XB [1] 1987 Nov 52 [A] PHA-8 MBA-31 20 Massalia [1] 1987 Nov 40 [A] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MBA-32 654 Zelinda [1] 1988 Jan 20,26,40[A] MBA 4 Vesta [3] 1988 Jan 30,40 [A] MBA-33 105 Artemis [1] 1988 Jun 20,40 [A] NEA 1685 Toro [3] 1988 Jul 20 [A] NEA-20 3908 Nyx (1980 PA) [1] 1988 Sep 20 [A,G] PHA-9 NEA 433 Eros [2] 1988 Sep 24 [A] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NEA-21 4034 1986 PA [1] 1989 Mar 52 [A] PHA-10 NEA 1580 Betulia [2] 1989 May 20 [G,A] NEA-22 7335 1989 JA [1] 1989 May 33 [A,G] PHA-12 NEA-23 4769 Castalia [1] 1989 Aug 19 [A,G] PHA-13 MBA 12 Victoria [2] 1989 Aug 26,40 [A] NEA-24 1917 Cuyo [1] 1989 Sep 20 [A,G] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MBA-34 78 Diana [1] 1990 Jan 40 [A] MBA 1 Ceres [4] 1990 Jan 30,40 [A] NEA-25 8014 1990 MF [1] 1990 Jul 20 [A,G] PHA-14 MBA-35 194 Prokne [1] 1990 Jul 40 [G] NEA-26 162000 1990 OS [1] 1990 Aug 20 [G] PHA-15 NEA-27 4544 Xanthus (1989 FB) [1] 1990 Nov 31 [A] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NEA-28 85182 1991 AQ [1] 1991 Jan *O [A] PHA-16 MBA 2 Pallas [3] 1991 Apr 30,40 [A] NEA-29 6489 Golevka (1991 JX) [1] 1991 Jun 50 [A,G] PHA-17 MBA-36 324 Bamberga [1] 1991 Sep 40 [A,G] " 1991 Oct 17 [G-VLA(8510)] MBA 7 Iris [3] 1991 Sep 26,40 [G] " " 17 [G-VLA(8510)] NEA 3103 Eger (1982 BB) [2] 1991 Oct 31 [G] MBA-37 796 Sarita [1] 1991 Oct 40 [A] NEA-30 9856 1991 EE [1] 1991 Sep *O [A] PHA-18 " " 17 [G-VLA(8510)] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MBA 4 Vesta [4] 1992 Mar 30,40 [A,G] NEA 1981 Midas [2] 1992 Mar *O [G] NEA-31 5189 1990 UQ [1] 1992 May *O [G] PHA-19 NEA-32 4179 Toutatis [1] 1992 Nov 22,48 [G,A] PHA-20 " " 23 [EV-EF(5010)] " " 17 [G-VLA(8510)] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MBA 97 Klotho [2] 1993 Dec 40 [G] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NEA-33 4953 1990 MU [1] 1994 May *O [G] PHA-21 NEA 1620 Geographos [2] 1994 Aug 25, 29 [G] PHA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NEA-34 2062 Aten [1] 1995 Jan 31 [G] MBA 1 Ceres [5] 1995 Feb 30,40 [G] NEA 6489 Golevka (1991 JX) [2] 1995 Jun 27 [G,G-VLA(8510)] PHA " " 35 [G-EV(8510)] " " 28 [G-K(8510)] MBA 18 Melpomene [2] 1995 Sep 40 [G] MBA 7 Iris [4] 1995 Nov 40 [G] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NEA-35 17511 1992 QN [1] 1996 Jan 31 [G] NEA-36 7025 1993 QA [1] 1996 Feb *O [G] NEA-37 2063 Bacchus [1] 1996 Mar 34 [G] Comet-6 C/Hyakutake (n,c) [1] 1996 Mar 57 [G] NEA-38 162039 1996 JG [1] 1996 May *O [G] PHA-22 NEA 1566 Icarus [2] 1996 Jun 38 [G] PHA NEA 3103 Eger [3] 1996 Jul 31 [G] NEA-39 7822 1991 CS [1] 1996 Aug 37 [G] PHA-23 NEA-40 4197 1982 TA [1] 1996 Oct *O [G] " " 28 [G-K,G-U(8510)] NEA 4179 Toutatis [2] 1996 Nov 39,48 [G] PHA " 36 [H] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NEA-41 7341 1991 VK [1] 1997 Jan *O [G] PHA-24 NEA-42 7482 1994 PC1 [1] 1997 Jan *O [G] PHA-25 NEA-43 13651 1997 BR [1] 1997 Jul *O [G] PHA-26 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NEA-44 1998 BY7 [1] 1998 Feb *O [G] PHA-27 NEA-45 6037 1988 EG [1] 1998 Feb *LB [G] NEA-46 4183 Cuno [1] 1998 May *LB [A] PHA-28 Comet-7 C/1998 K5 LINEAR (n) [1] 1998 Jun 58 [A] NEA-47 1998 KY26 [1] 1998 Jun 41 [G] NEA-48 8201 1994 AH2 [1] 1998 Jun *N [A] NEA-49 52760 1998 ML14 [1] 1998 Aug 15 [G,A] PHA-29 NEA 1036 Ganymed [2] 1998 Oct *O [A] MBA 20 Massalia [2] 1998 Oct *CM [A] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NEA-50 10115 1992 SK [1] 1999 Mar 63 [G] NEA-51 1999 FN19 [1] 1999 Apr *LB [G] " " *N [A] NEA-52 38071 1999 GU3 [1] 1999 Apr 45 [G] PHA-30 NEA-53 1999 FN53 [1] 1999 May *LB [G] PHA-31 " " *N [A] MBA 41 Daphne [2] 1999 May *CM [A] MBA 105 Artemis [2] 1999 May *CM [A] NEA 6489 Golevka [3] 1999 Jun *50 [A] PHA NEA " " *JLM [A-MA(2380)] NEA-54 53319 1999 JM8 [1] 1999 Jul 49 [G,A] PHA-32 NEA-55 1999 NW2 [1] 1999 Jul *LB [G] MBA 216 Kleopatra [2] 1999 Sep 44 [A] MBA " 1999 Nov 66 [A] MBA-38 198 Ampella [1] 1999 Sep 66 [A] MBA-39 85 Io [1] 1999 Sep 66 [A] NEA-56 101955 1999 RQ36 [1] 1999 Sep *N [G,A-G(2380)] PHA-33 NEA-57 1999 TY2 [1] 1999 Oct *N [A] NEA-58 1999 TN13 [1] 1999 Oct *LB [A] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MBA 7 Iris [5] 2000 Jan 66 [A] MBA 554 Peraga [2] 2000 Jan 66 [A] MBA-40 288 Glauke [1] 2000 Mar 14 [A] MBA 1 Ceres [6] 2000 Mar *N [A] NEA-59 2000 EW70 [1] 2000 Mar *N [A] PHA-34 " " *GB [A-VLBA(2380)] NEA-60 2000 ED14 [1] 2000 Mar *JLM [A] PHA-35 NEA-61 138175 2000 EE104 [1] 2000 Apr *JLM [A] NEA-62 162416 2000 EH26 [1] 2000 May *LB [A] PHA-36 NEA-63 2000 LF3 [1] 2000 Jun *N [A] PHA-37 NEA-64 4486 Mithra [1] 2000 Aug *O [A,G] PHA-38 NEA-65 16834 1997 WU22 [1] 2000 Aug *LB [A] NEA-66 12711 1991 BB [1] 2000 Aug *LB [A] NEA-67 2000 CE59 [1] 2000 Aug *JLM [A] PHA-39 MBA-41 88 Thisbe [1] 2000 Aug 66 [A] MBA 393 Lampetia [2] 2000 Aug 66 [A] NEA 2100 Ra-Shalom [3] 2000 Aug 72 [A] NEA-68 2000 QW7 [1] 2000 Sep *JLM [G] PHA-40 MBA-42 111 Ate [1] 2000 Sep 66 [A] MBA 324 Bamberga [2] 2000 Sep 66 [A] MBA-43 336 Lacadiera [1] 2000 Sep 66 [A] MBA-44 914 Palisana [1] 2000 Sep 66 [A] NEA-69 2000 RD53 [1] 2000 Sep *JLM [A,G] PHA-41 NEA-70 185851 2000 DP107 [1] 2000 Sep 46 [G,A] PHA-42 BIN-1 MBA 192 Nausikaa [2] 2000 Oct 66 [A] MBA-45 31 Euphrosyne [1] 2000 Oct 66 [A] NEA-71 2000 UG11 [1] 2000 Oct *N [A] PHA-43 BIN-2 " " *LB [G] NEA-72 2000 UK11 [1] 2000 Oct *N [A] PHA-44 " " *LB [G] NEA 4179 Toutatis [3] 2000 Oct *O [G] PHA NEA 4183 Cuno [2] 2000 Dec *LB [A] PHA NEA-73 2000 YA [1] 2000 Dec *LB [A] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MBA-46 505 Cava [1] 2001 Jan 66 [A] NEA-74 26663 2000 XK47 [1] 2001 Jan *JLM [A] PHA-45 MBA-47 1963 Bezovec [1] 2001 Jan 66 [A] MBA-48 128 Nemesis [1] 2001 Jan 66 [A] MBA-49 38 Leda [1] 2001 Jan 66 [A] MBA-50 50 Virginia [1] 2001 Jan 66 [A] MBA-51 83 Beatrix [1] 2001 Jan 66 [A] MBA-52 622 Esther [1] 2001 Jan 66 [A] NEA-75 2001 AV43 [1] 2001 Jan *N [A] NEA-76 2000 YF29 [1] 2001 Jan *O,*N [G],[A] PHA-46 NEA-77 2001 BF10 [1] 2001 Feb *EH [A] NEA-78 2001 CP36 [1] 2001 Feb *N [A] NEA-79 23187 2000 PN9 [1] 2001 Mar *MWB [G,A] PHA-47 NEA-80 29075 1950 DA [1] 2001 Mar 43,70 [A,G] PHA-48 NEA-81 25143 Itokawa (1998 SF36) [1] 2001 Mar 51 [A,G] PHA-49 NEA-82 2001 EC16 [1] 2001 Mar *LB [G] " " *JLM [A-GBT] MBA-53 114 Kassandra [1] 2001 Mar 66 [A] MBA-54 13 Egeria [1] 2001 Mar 66 [A] MBA-55 145 Adeona [1] 2001 Mar 66 [A] MBA-56 354 Eleonora [1] 2001 Mar 66 [A] MBA 532 Herculina [2] 2001 Mar 66 [A] NEA-83 2001 FR85 [1] 2001 Mar *N [A] NEA 2000 EE104 [2] 2001 Apr *N [A] PHA NEA-84 2001 GQ2 [1] 2001 Apr *N [A] PHA-50 NEA-85 66391 1999 KW4 [1] 2001 May 69 [G,A] PHA-51 BIN-3 " " *JLM [A-G(2380)] PHA BIN NEA-86 2001 JV1 [1] 2001 May *O [A] PHA-52 Comet-8 C/2001 A2 LINEAR (c) [1] 2001 Jul 65 [A] NEA-87 54509 YORP (2000 PH5) [1] 2001 Jul 68 [G] MBA-57 253 Mathilde [1] 2001 Aug 66 [A] MBA-58 225 Henrietta [1] 2001 Aug *CM [A] NEA-88 136770 1996 PC1 [1] 2001 Aug *EH [A] NEA-89 22771 1999 CU3 [1] 2001 Sep *LB [A] NEA-90 2001 SP263 [1] 2001 Sep *N [A] MBA-59 36 Atalante [1] 2001 Oct 66 [A] MBA-60 407 Arachne [1] 2001 Oct *CM [A] MBA-61 54 Alexandra [1] 2001 Oct 66 [A] MBA-62 60 Echo [1] 2001 Oct 66 [A] MBA-63 23 Thalia [1] 2001 Oct 66 [A] MBA-64 247 Eukrate [1] 2001 Oct 66 [A] MBA-65 266 Aline [1] 2001 Oct 66 [A] MBA-66 270 Anahita [1] 2001 Oct 66 [A] NEA-91 1998 ST27 [1] 2001 Oct *LB [A] PHA-53 BIN-4 MBA-67 101 Helena [1] 2001 Oct 66 [A] MBA-68 704 Interamnia [1] 2001 Oct 66 [A] NEA-92 2001 UP [1] 2001 Oct *N [A] NEA-93 2001 WM15 [1] 2001 Nov *N [A] MBA 4 Vesta [5] 2001 Nov *N [A] NEA-94 33342 1998 WT24 [1] 2001 Dec 74 [G,A] PHA-54 " " 47 [G-ME,EV-ME(5010) 6 cm] NEA-95 2001 XX4 [1] 2001 Dec *N [A] MBA-69 22 Kalliope [1] 2001 Dec 66 [A] NEA-96 2001 SE286 [1] 2001 Dec *JLM [A] NEA-97 4660 Nereus [1] 2001 Dec 75 [A] PHA-55 MBA-70 211 Isolda [1] 2001 Dec 66 [A] MBA-71 66 Maja [1] 2001 Dec 66 [A] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NEA-98 2001 YP3 [1] 2002 Jan *N [A] NEA-99 2002 AV [1] 2002 Jan *O [A] PHA-56 NEA 4660 Nereus cont'd 2002 Jan 75 [A,G] PHA NEA-100 2002 AY1 [1] 2002 Jan *N [A] PHA-57 NEA-101 2001 YE4 [1] 2002 Jan *N [A] PHA-58 MBA 654 Zelinda [2] 2002 Feb 66 [A] MBA-72 405 Thia [1] 2002 Feb 66 [A] MBA-73 3 Juno [1] 2002 Feb 66 [A] MBA-74 28 Bellona [1] 2002 Feb 66 [A] MBA-75 53 Kalypso [1] 2002 Feb 66 [A] NEA-102 2002 BG25 [1] 2002 Feb *N [A] PHA-59 MBA-76 488 Kreusa [1] 2002 Feb 66 [A] MBA-77 127 Johanna [1] 2002 Feb 66 [A] NEA-103 2002 BM26 [1] 2002 Feb *N [A] PHA-60 BIN-5 MBA-78 182 Elsa [1] 2002 Feb 66 [A] NEA-104 138258 2000 GD2 [1] 2002 Mar *LB [G] NEA-105 2002 FD6 [1] 2002 Apr *LB [G] NEA 38071 1999 GU3 [2] 2002 Apr *LB [A,A-GBT(2380)] PHA " " " [G,G-GBT(8560)] PHA NEA-106 2002 FC [1] 2002 Jun *O [A,G] PHA-61 NEA 1580 Betulia [3] 2002 Jun 67 [A] NEA 66391 1999 KW4 [2] 2002 Jun 69 [A] PHA BIN NEA-107 2002 KK8 [1] 2002 Jun *N [A] PHA-62 BIN-6 NEA-108 5604 1992 FE [1] 2002 Jun *LB [G,A] PHA-63 Comet-9 C/2002 O6 Swan (c) [1] 2002 Aug 59 [A] MBA-79 25 Phocaea [1] 2002 Jul 66 [A] NEA-109 2002 AL14 [1] 2002 Jul *N [A] NEA-110 2002 NY40 [1] 2002 Aug *EH [A] PHA-64 NEA-111 141593 2002 HK12 [1] 2002 Aug *N [A] PHA-65 NEA-112 2001 EB18 [1] 2002 Aug *N [A] PHA-66 MBA-80 15 Eunomia [1] 2002 Sep 66 [A] MBA-81 137 Meliboea [1] 2002 Sep 66 [A] MBA-82 429 Lotis [1] 2002 Sep 66 [A] MBA-83 444 Gyptis [1] 2002 Sep 66 [A] NEA-113 2002 TS69 [1] 2002 Oct *N [A] NEA-114 22753 1998 WT [1] 2002 Oct *LB [A] PHA-67 NEA-115 2002 TZ66 [1] 2002 Oct *LB [A] NEA-116 35396 1997 XF11 [1] 2002 Oct *O [G] PHA-68 NEA-117 154276 2002 SY50 [1] 2002 Nov *JLM [G] PHA-69 NEA-118 2002 VE68 [1] 2002 Nov *LB [G] PHA-70 NEA-119 2002 TD60 [1] 2002 Nov *N [A] MBA-84 109 Felicitas [1] 2002 Nov 66 [A] MBA 46 Hestia [2] 2002 Nov 66 [A] NEA-120 152560 1991 BN [1] 2002 Nov *N [A] PHA-71 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NEA-121 52387 1993 OM7 [1] 2003 Jan *O [A,A-GBT(2380)] PHA-72 NEA-122 141432 2002 CQ11 [1] 2003 Jan *N [A] PHA-73 NEA-123 2002 AA29 [1] 2003 Jan 78 [A] NEA-124 2003 EP4 [1] 2003 Mar *N [A] MBA 4 Vesta [6] 2003 Mar *N [A] MBA-85 313 Chaldea [1] 2003 Mar 66 NEA-125 2003 HM [1] 2003 Apr *N [A] NEA-126 2003 HN16 [1] 2003 May *N [A] NEA-127 5381 Sekhmet [1] 2003 May *N [A] BIN-7 NEA 6489 Golevka [4] 2003 May 50 [A] PHA NEA-128 65909 1998 FH12 [1] 2003 Jun *LB [G,A,G-A(8560)] PHA-74 NEA-129 2003 MS2 [1] 2003 Jun *LB [G] PHA-75 NEA-130 37655 Illapa (1994 PM) [1] 2003 Aug *LB [G] PHA-76 NEA-131 2003 GY [1] 2003 Aug *N [A] PHA-77 NEA 2100 Ra-Shalom [4] 2003 Aug 72 [A] NEA-132 2003 QB30 [1] 2003 Aug *S [A] NEA 22771 1999 CU3 [2] 2003 Sep *LB [A,G] NEA-133 2003 RU11 [1] 2003 Sep *N [A] NEA-134 2003 SR84 [1] 2003 Sep *LB [G] NEA-135 66063 1998 RO1 [1] 2003 Sep *LB [A] BIN-8 NEA-136 163732 2003 KP2 [1] 2003 Oct *N [A] NEA-137 2003 SS84 [1] 2003 Oct *N [A] PHA-78 BIN-9 " 2003 Oct *LB [G] NEA-138 69230 Hermes (1937 UB) [1] 2003 Oct *JLM [A,G] PHA-79 BIN-10 NEA-139 2003 TL4 [1] 2003 Oct *LB [G,A] PHA-80 NEA " 2003 Oct *N [A] PHA NEA-140 2003 UC20 [1] 2003 Oct *N [A] PHA-81 NEA-141 68346 2001 KZ66 [1] 2003 Oct *N [A] PHA-82 NEA-142 2003 TH2 [1] 2003 Oct *N [A] NEA-143 68950 2002 QF15 [1] 2003 Nov *S [A] PHA-83 NEA 162000 1990 OS [2] 2003 Nov *O [A] PHA BIN-11 " 2003 Nov *LB [G] PHA BIN Comet 2P/Encke (n) [2] 2003 Nov *JH [A] NEA-144 65803 Didymos (1996 GT) [1] 2003 Nov *LB [G,A] PHA-84 BIN-12 NEA-145 85774 1998 UT18 [1] 2003 Nov *LB [A] PHA-85 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NEA-146 2004 AD [1] 2004 Jan *N [A] MBA 1 Ceres [7] 2004 Jan *N [A] NEA-147 2001 BE10 [1] 2004 Jan *LB [A] PHA-86 NEA-148 6239 Minos [1] 2004 Feb *O [G,A] PHA-87 NEA-149 2004 FY31 [1] 2004 Apr *LB [A] PHA-88 NEA-150 85938 1999 DJ4 [1] 2004 Apr *LB [A] PHA-89 BIN-13 NEA-151 89136 2001 US16 [1] 2004 Apr *N [A] PHA-90 " 2004 Apr *LB [G] PHA NEA-152 2004 HX53 [1] 2004 Apr *N [A] NEA-153 164121 2003 YT1 [1] 2004 May *N [A] PHA-91 BIN-14 NEA-154 87024 2000 JS66 [1] 2004 May *N [A] NEA 25143 Itokawa (1998 SF36) [2] 2004 Jun *GB [A-GBT,A-VLBA] PHA " 2004 Jun 62 [G] PHA NEA-155 1999 MN [1] 2004 Jul *JLM [G] PHA-92 NEA 54509 YORP (2000 PH5) [2] 2004 Jul 68 [A] NEA-156 2002 CE26 [1] 2004 Aug 64 [A] BIN-15 NEA-157 11066 Sigurd [1] 2004 Sep *LB [A] " 2004 Sep *C [A] NEA-158 2004 RQ10 [1] 2004 Sep *N [A] NEA 66063 1998 RO1 [2] 2004 Oct *LB [A] BIN MBA-86 135 Hertha [1] 2004 Oct 72 [A] NEA 1998 ST27 [2] 2004 Oct *LB [A] PHA BIN NEA-159 164211 2004 JA27 [1] 2004 Oct *LB [A] PHA-93 NEA 4179 Toutatis [4] 2004 Oct *C [A] PHA " 2004 Oct *O [A] PHA MBA-87 56 Melete [1] 2004 Oct *CM [A] MBA-88 690 Wratislavia [1] 2004 Oct *CM [A] MBA-89 165 Loreley [1] 2004 Oct *CM [A] MBA-90 212 Medea [1] 2004 Oct *CM [A] MBA-91 220 Stephania [1] 2004 Oct *CM [A] MBA-92 463 Lola [1] 2004 Oct *CM [A] MBA 21 Lutetia [2] 2004 Oct 72 [A] MBA 80 Sappho [2] 2004 Oct *O [A] NEA-160 162181 1999 LF6 [1] 2004 Oct *LB [A] MBA-93 224 Oceana [1] 2004 Oct 72 [A] MBA-94 49 Pales [1] 2004 Oct *O [A] NEA 3908 Nyx (1980 PA) [2] 2004 Nov *LB [A] PHA NEA-161 2004 VB [1] 2004 Nov *LB [A] PHA-94 MBA-95 325 Heidelberga [1] 2004 Nov 72 [A] NEA-162 7753 (1988 XB) [1] 2004 Nov *N [A] PHA-95 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Comet-10 C/2004 Q2 Machholz (n,c) [1] 2005 Jan *N [A] MBA-96 141 Lumen [1] 2005 Jan *CM [A] MBA-97 377 Campania [1] 2005 Jan *CM [A] MBA-98 91 Aegina [1] 2005 Jan *CM [A] MBA 8 Flora [2] 2005 Jan *N [A] MBA 532 Herculina [3] 2005 Jan *N [A] NEA-163 99942 Apophis (2004 MN4) [1] 2005 Jan 77 [A] PHA-96 MBA-99 59 Elpis [1] 2005 Jan *CM [A] NEA-164 7889 1994 LX [1] 2005 Jan *N [A] NEA-165 2005 AB [1] 2005 Feb *LB [A] BIN-16 NEA-166 2005 CR37 [1] 2005 Feb 76 [A] NEA-167 2004 RF84 [1] 2005 Feb *LB [A] PHA-97 NEA 22753 1998 WT [1] 2005 Mar *LB [G] PHA NEA-168 2005 FA [1] 2005 Mar *N [A] NEA-169 152770 1999 RR28 [1] 2005 Mar *LB [A,G] PHA-98 NEA-170 2005 EU2 [1] 2005 Mar *EH [A] " 2005 Mar *LB [G] NEA-171 30825 1990 TG1 [1] 2005 Apr *N [A] MBA 2 Pallas [4] 2005 Apr *S [A] MBA-100 129 Antigone [1] 2005 Apr 72 [A] MBA-101 785 Zwetana [1] 2005 Apr 72 [A] NEA-172 2005 ED318 [1] 2005 May *N [A] PHA-99 " 2005 May *LB [G] " 2005 May *N [A-GBT, A-G] NEA-173 2005 HB4 [1] 2005 May *N [A] NEA 1999 MN [2] 2005 May *JLM [A] PHA NEA-174 154275 2002 SR41 [1] 2005 Jun *N [A] PHA-100 Comet-11 Catalina (P/2005 JQ5) (n,c) [1] 2005 Jun *JH [A] NEA-175 1994 XD [1] 2005 Jun *LB [A] PHA-101 BIN-17 NEA-176 163692 2003 CY18 [1] 2005 Jul *N [A] NEA 54509 YORP (2000 PH5) [3] 2005 Jul 68 [A] NEA-177 5660 (1974 MA) [1] 2005 Jul *N [A] NEA-178 100085 1992 UY4 [1] 2005 Aug *O [G,A] PHA-102 NEA 99942 Apophis (2004 MN4) [2] 2005 Aug 77 [A] PHA NEA-179 2005 OE3 [1] 2005 Aug *LB [G] PHA-103 NEA 22771 1999 CU3 [3] 2005 Aug *LB [A] NEA 101955 1999 RQ36 [2] 2005 Sep *N [G,A] PHA NEA-180 2005 TD49 [1] 2005 Oct *N [A] MBA-102 140 Siwa [1] 2005 Oct *CM [A] MBA-103 476 Hedwig [1] 2005 Oct *CM [A] NEA-181 2005 TU50 [1] 2005 Oct *N [A] PHA-104 MBA-104 335 Roberta [1] 2005 Oct *CM [A] NEA-182 144900 2004 VG64 [1] 2005 Oct *C [A] PHA-105 MBA-105 1139 Atami [1] 2005 Oct *O [A] MBA-106 711 Boliviana [1] 2005 Oct *O [A] MBA 3 Juno [2] 2005 Oct *O [A] MBA-107 164 Eva [1] 2005 Oct *O [A] NEA 1862 Apollo [2] 2005 Oct *O [A,G] PHA BIN-18 NEA-183 2005 JE46 [1] 2005 Nov *LB [G] PHA-106 MBA 16 Psyche [3] 2005 Nov 72 [A] MBA-108 455 Bruchsalia [1] 2005 Nov *CM [A] NEA-184 2005 WA1 [1] 2005 Dec *N [A] PHA-107 MBA-109 524 Fidelio [1] 2005 Dec *CM [A] NEA-185 2005 XA [1] 2005 Dec *N [A] NEA-186 2005 WK56 [1] 2005 Dec *N [A] NEA-187 163295 2002 HW [1] 2005 Dec *N [A] MBA 60 Echo [2] 2005 Dec *O [A] MBA-110 363 Padua [1] 2005 Dec *CM [A] NEA-188 2005 WC1 [1] 2005 Dec *N [A] PHA-108 " " *LB [G] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MBA 60 Echo cont'd 2006 Jan *O [A] MBA 53 Kalypso [2] 2006 Jan *O [A] MBA-111 71 Niobe [1] 2006 Feb 72 [A] NEA-189 137924 2000 BD19 [1] 2006 Feb *JLM [A] NEA 23187 2000 PN9 [2] 2006 Mar *MWB [G] NEA-190 144901 2004 WG1 [1] 2006 Apr *N [A] NEA-191 2005 TF49 [1] 2006 Apr *N [A] PHA-109 NEA-192 2001 SG276 [1] 2006 Apr *N [A] MBA 105 Artemis [3] 2006 Apr *H [A] NEA 99942 Apophis (2004 MN4) [3] 2006 May 77 [A] PHA Comet-12 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3 [1] 2006 May *N B(n,c), C(n,c) [A] B(n,c), C(n,c) " [G] NEA-193 2006 GY2 [1] 2006 May *N [G] PHA-110 BIN-19 " " *LB [A] MBA-112 434 Hungaria [1] 2006 May 73 [A] NEA 68950 2002 QF15 [2] 2006 May *S [A] PHA NEA-194 2004 DC [1] 2006 May *T [G,A] PHA-111 BIN-20 NEA-195 2004 XP14 [1] 2006 Jul *LB [G] PHA-112 " " *IM [G-E] NEA-196 2006 BQ6 [1] 2006 Jul *LB [G] PHA-113 NEA-197 2006 QV89 [1] 2006 Sep *N [A] NEA-198 2006 RZ [1] 2006 Oct *N [A] PHA-114 " " *LB [G] NEA-199 138971 2001 CB21 [1] 2006 Oct *MWB [A] PHA-115 MBA 554 Peraga [3] 2006 Nov *EH [A] MBA 7 Iris [6] 2006 Nov *O [A] NEA-200 2006 WB [1] 2006 Dec *MWB [A] NEA-201 2004 XL14 [1] 2006 Dec *MWB [A] PHA-116 " " *MWB [G] MBA-113 758 Mancunia [1] 2006 Dec 72 [A] MBA 97 Klotho [1] 2006 Dec 72 [A] MBA-114 44 Nysa [1] 2006 Dec 73 [A] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NEA 7341 1991 VK [2] 2007 Jan *MWB [A] NEA-202 2006 AM4 [1] 2007 Jan *N [A] PHA-117 " " *LB [G] MBA-115 51 Nemausa [1] 2007 Feb *N [A] NEA-203 2006 UQ17 [1] 2007 Feb *N [A] PHA-118 MBA-116 404 Arsinoe [1] 2007 Feb *N [A] NEA-204 138127 2000 EE14 [1] 2007 Mar *JLM [A] PHA-119 NEA-205 2007 EH [1] 2007 Mar *N [A] NEA-206 2006 VV2 [1] 2007 Mar *LB [G] PHA-120 BIN-21 " " *MWB,GB [A,A-GBT] BIN " " *MWB [G-VLBA] BIN " " *GB [A-VLBA] BIN NEA-207 2007 FY20 [1] 2007 Mar *EH [A] NEA-208 2006 RH120 (6R10DB9) [1] 2007 Jun *LB [G] NEA-209 2007 DT103 [1] 2007 Jul *LB [G] PHA-121 BIN-22 NEA-210 11500 1989 UR [1] 2007 Nov *LB [G] PHA-122 NEA-211 2007 VD12 [1] 2007 Nov *LB [G] PHA-123 NEA-212 3200 Phaethon [1] 2007 Nov *LB [A] PHA-124 NEA 137924 2000 BD19 [2] 2007 Dec *JLM [A] NEA-213 2007 XH16 [1] 2007 Dec *N [A] PHA-125 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Comet-13 8P/Tuttle [1] 2008 Jan *JKH [A] NEA-214 1989 AZ [1] 2008 Jan *N [A] NEA-215 2005 WJ56 [1] 2008 Jan *LB [A,G] PHA-126 MBA-117 678 Fredegundis [1] 2008 Jan *S [A] NEA-216 2007 TU24 [1] 2008 Jan-Feb *O [G,A-GBT, PHA-127 A-DSS13,A] NEA-217 153591 2001 SN263 [1] 2008 Feb *N [A] BIN-23 (triple) NEA-218 4450 Pan [1] 2008 Feb *N [A] NEA-219 179806 2002 TD66 [1] 2008 Feb *N [A] PHA-128 " *LB [G] NEA-220 2005 EK70 [1] 2008 Feb *N [A] NEA 138127 2000 EE14 [2] 2008 Feb *JLM [A] PHA MBA-118 347 Pariana [1] 2008 Apr *S [A] NEA-221 2004 VW14 [1] 2008 Apr *S [A] PHA-129 NEA-222 2005 NB7 [1] 2008 Apr *S [A,G] PHA-130 BIN-24 MBA 41 Daphne [2] 2008 Apr *CM [A] NEA 53319 1999 JM8 [2] 2008 May *MB [A] PHA NEA-223 2008 BT18 [1] 2008 Jul *LB [A,G] PHA-131 BIN-25 " *C [A] NEA-224 90403 2003 YE45 [1] 2008 Jul *CM [A] PHA-132 " *MB [G] NEA-225 2005 RC34 [1] 2008 Jul [A] PHA-133 " *MB [G] NEA-226 35107 1991 VH [1] 2008 Jul *JLM [A,G] PHA-134 BIN-26 NEA 185851 2000 DP107 [2] 2008 Sep *JLM [G,A] PHA BIN NEA-227 8567 1996 HW1 [1] 2008 Sep *N [A] MBA 216 Kleopatra [2] 2008 Sep *CM [A] NEA-228 137032 1998 UO1 [1] 2008 Sep *LB [A] " *MB [G] NEA-229 2008 QS11 [1] 2008 Oct *MB [G,A] PHA-135 NEA-230 164400 2005 GN59 [1] 2008 Oct *LB [G] PHA-136 *MN [A] MBA 9 Metis [2] 2008 Nov *CM [A] MBA 141 Lumen [2] 2008 Nov *CM [A] MBA-119 497 Iva [1] 2008 Nov *S [A] MBA-120 771 Libera [1] 2008 Nov *S [A] MBA-121 779 Nina [1] 2008 Nov *S [A] MBA-122 110 Lydia [1] 2008 Nov *S [A] NEA 85774 1998 UT18 [2] 2008 Nov *N [A] PHA NEA 4179 Toutatis [5] 2008 Nov *MWB [A] PHA NEA 2004 XL14 [2] 2008 Dec *MB [A] PHA NEA-231 2008 UE7 [1] 2008 Dec *MB [A] PHA-137 NEA-232 2008 EV5 [1] 2008 Dec *MWB [G] PHA-138 " *EH [A] MBA 654 Zelinda [3] 2008 Dec *CM [A] NEA-233 2004 LV3 [1] 2008 Dec *MN [A] PHA-139 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NEA-234 136849 1998 CS1 [1] 2009 Jan *MB [G,A] PHA-140 MBA 654 Zelinda cont'd [3] 2009 Jan *CM [A] NEA-235 2006 AS2 [1] 2009 Feb *MB [G,A] PHA-141 NEA-236 1999 AQ10 [1] 2009 Feb *MB [G,A] PHA-142 NEA-237 2008 EE5 [1] 2009 Feb *MB [A] PHA-143 NEA-238 2009 DR3 [1] 2009 Mar *MB [G] PHA-144 NEA-239 2009 DO111 [1] 2009 Mar *MB [G] NEA-240 2008 SV11 [1] 2009 Mar *MB [G] PHA-145
Totals: Radar echoes have been detected from 240 NEAs (145 PHAs, 26 binaries) 122 MBAs ________ 362 asteroids

References Reporting Detections:

                                             
                                                                                                         
                                                                                                         
 1.  Goldstein, R. M. Radar observations of Icarus.                                                      
 	Icarus 10, 430-431 (1969); Science 162, 903-904 (1968).                    
                                                                                                         
 2.  Pettengill, G. H., I. I. Shapiro, M. E. Ash, R. P. Ingalls,                                         
 	L. P. Rainville, W. B. Smith and M. L. Stone (1969).                                                   
 	Radar observations of Icarus. Icarus 10, 432-435.                                        
                                                                                                         
 3.  Goldstein, R. M., D. B. Holdridge, and J. H. Lieske (1973). Minor                                   
 	planets and related objects. XII. Radar observations of 1685 Toro.                                     
 	Astron. J. 78, 508.                                                                      
                                                                                                         
 4.  Jurgens, R. F., and R. M. Goldstein (1976). Radar observations at                                   
 	3.5 and 12.6 cm wavelength of asteroid 433 Eros.  Icarus 28, 1-15.                       
                                                                                                         
 5.  Campbell, D. B., G. H. Pettengill, and I. I. Shapiro. (1976).                                       
 	70-cm radar observations of 433 Eros. Icarus 28, 17-20.                                  
                                                                                                         
 6.  Pettengill, G. H., S. J. Ostro, I. I. Shapiro, B. G. Marsden, and                                   
 	D. B. Campbell (1979). Radar observations of asteroid 1580 Betulia.                                    
 	Icarus 40, 350-354.                                                                      
                                                                                                         
 7.  Ostro, S. J., G. H. Pettengill, I. I. Shapiro, D. B. Campbell, and                                  
 	R. R. Green (1979). Radar observations of asteroid 1 Ceres.                                            
 	Icarus 40, 355-358.                                                                      
                                                                                                         
 8.  Ostro, S. J., D. B. Campbell, G. H. Pettengill, and I. I. Shapiro                                   
 	(1980). Radar detection of Vesta. Icarus 43, 169-171.                                    
                                                                                                         
 9.  Ostro, S. J., D. B. Campbell, and I. I. Shapiro. (1985). Mainbelt                                   
 	asteroids: Dual-polarization radar observations. Science 229, 442-446.                   
                                                                                                         
10.  Ostro, S. J., D. B. Campbell, and I. I. Shapiro. (1983). Radar                                      
	Observations of asteroid 1685 Toro. Astron. J. 88, 565-576.                               
                                                                                                         
11.  Ostro, S. J., D. B. Campbell, J. F. Chandler, A. A. Hine, R. S. Hudson,                             
	K. D. Rosema, and I. I. Shapiro (1991). Asteroid 1986 DA: Radar                                         
	evidence for a metallic composition. Science 252, 1399-1404.                              
                                                                                                         
12.  Goldstein, R. M., R. F. Jurgens and D. K. Yeomans (1981). Radar                                     
	observations of Apollo Icarus 48, 59-61.                                                  
                                                                                                         
13.  Ostro, S. J., A. W. Harris, D. B. Campbell, I. I. Shapiro, and                                      
	J. W. Young (1984). Radar and photoelectric observations of                                             
	asteroid 2100 Ra-Shalom.  Icarus 60, 391-403.                                             
                                                                                                         
14.  Ostro, S. J., M. C. Nolan, J.-L. Margot, C. Magri, A. W. Harris, and                                
        J. D. Giorgini (2001). Radar observations of asteroid 288 Glauke.                                
        Icarus 152, 201-204.                                                                             
                                                                                                         
15.  Ostro, S. J., R. S. Hudson, L. A. M. Benner, M. C. Nolan,                                           
        J. D. Giorgini, D. J. Scheeres, R. F. Jurgens, and R. Rose (2001).                               
        Radar observations of asteroid 1998 ML14.  Meteoritics                                           
        Planet. Sci. 36, 1697-1709                                                                       
                                                                                                         
16.  Ostro, S. J., D. K. Yeomans, P. W. Chodas, R. M. Goldstein, R. F. Jurgens,                          
	and T. W. Thompson et al. (1989). Radar observations of asteroid 1986 JK.                               
	Icarus 78, 382-394.                                                                       
                                                                                                         
17.  de Pater, I., P. Palmer, D. L. Mitchell, S. J. Ostro, D. K. Yeomans,                                
	and L. E. Snyder (1994).  Radar aperture synthesis observations of                                      
	asteroids.  Icarus 111, 489-502.                                                          
                                                                                                         
18.  Ostro, S. J., D. B. Campbell, A. A. Hine, I. I. Shapiro,                                            
	J. F. Chandler, C. L. Werner, and K. D. Rosema (1990).                                                  
	Radar images of asteroid 1627 Ivar.                                                                     
        Astron. J. 99, 2012-2018.                                                          
                                                                                                         
19.  Ostro, S. J., J. F. Chandler, A. A. Hine, I. I. Shapiro, K. D. Rosema,                              
	and D. K. Yeomans. (1990).  Radar images of asteroid 1989 PB.                                           
	Science 248, 1523-1528.                                                                   
                                                                                                         
20.  Ostro, S. J., D. B. Campbell, J. F. Chandler, I. I. Shapiro, A. A. Hine,                            
	R. Velez, R. F. Jurgens, K. D. Rosema, R. Winkler, and D. K. Yeomans.                                   
	(1991). Asteroid radar astrometry.                                                                      
        Astron. J. 102, 1490-1502.                                                         
                                                                                                         
21.  Shepard, M. K., L. A. M. Benner, S. J. Ostro, A. W. Harris,                                         
       K. D. Rosema, I. I. Shapiro, J. F. Chandler, and D. B. Campbell (2000).                           
       Radar Observations of 2100 Ra-Shalom.  Icarus 147, 520-529.                                       
                                                                                                         
22.  Ostro, S. J., R. S. Hudson, R. F. Jurgens, K. D. Rosema, R. Winkler,                                
	D. Howard, R. Rose, M. A. Slade, D. K. Yeomans, J. D. Giorgini,                                         
	D. B. Campbell, P. Perillat, J. F. Chandler, and I. I. Shapiro.                                         
	(1995). Radar images of asteroid 4179 Toutatis. Science                                          
	270, 80-84.                                                                                      
	                                                                                                        
23.  Zaitsev, A. L., A. G. Sokolsky, O. R. Rzhiga, A. S. Vyshlov,                                        
        A. P. Krivtsov, and V. A. Shubin. Radar investigation of                                         
        asteroid 4179 Toutatis with 6 cm waves.                                                          
        Radiotekhnika Elektronika  38, 1842-1850 (1993).                                   
        (in Russian).  Translation: Zaytsev, A. L., A. G. Sokol'skiy,                                    
	O. R. Rzhiga, A. S. Vyshlov, A. P. Krivtsov, and V. A. Shubin (1993)                                    
	"Radar Investigations of the Asteroid 4179 Tautatis at Wavelength of                                    
	6 cm", Journal of Communications Technology and Electronics 38:16,                                      
	135-143 (in English, by Scripta Technica, Inc., 1994).                                                  
                                                                                                         
24.  Magri, C., S. J. Consolgagno, S. J. Ostro, L. A. M. Benner, and B. R. Beeney (2001).                
        Radar constraints on asteroid regolith compositions using 433 Eros as ground truth.              
        Meteoritics Planet. Sci. 36, 1697-1709 (2001).                                                   
                                                                                                         
25.  Ostro, S. J., K. D. Rosema, R. S. Hudson, R. F. Jurgens,                                            
	J. D. Giorgini, R. Winkler, D. K. Yeomans, D. Choate, R. Rose,                                          
	M. A. Slade, S. D. Howard, and  D. L. Mitchell. (1995).                                                 
	Extreme elongation of asteroid 1620 Geographos from radar images.                                       
	Nature 375, 474.                                                                          
                                                                                                         
26.  Mitchell, D. L., S. J. Ostro, K. D. Rosema, R. S. Hudson,                                           
	D. B. Campbell, J. F. Chandler, and I. I. Shapiro. (1995).                                              
	Radar observations of asteroids 7 Iris, 9 Metis, 12 Victoria,                                           
	216 Kleopatra, and 654 Zelinda. Icarus 118, 105-131.                                      
                                                                                                         
27.  R. S. Hudson, S. J. Ostro, R. F. Jurgens, K. D. Rosema, J. D. Giorgini,                             
        R. Winkl er, R.  Rose, D. Choate, R. A. Cormier, C. R. Franck,                                   
        R. Frye, D. Howard, D. Kelley, R.  Littlefair, M. A. Slade,                                      
        L. A. M. Benner, M. L. Thomas, D. L. Mitchell, P. W. Chodas,                                     
        D. K. Yeomans, D. J. Scheeres, P. Palmer, A. Zaitsev, Y. Koyama,                                 
        A. Nakamura, A. W. Harris, and M. N. Meshkov (2000).                                             
        Radar observations and physical model of asteroid 6489 Golevka.                                  
        Icarus 148, 37-51.                                                                 
                                                                                                         
28.  Koyama, Y., J. Nakajima, M. Sekido, M. Yoshikawa, A. M. Nakamura,                                   
        H. Hirabayashi, T. Okada, M. Abe, T. Nishibori, T. Fuse, S. J. Ostro,                            
        D. Choate, R. A. Cormier, R. Winkler, R. F. Jurgens, J. D. Giorgini,                             
        D. K. Yeomans, M. A. Slade, and A. L. Zaitsev (2001).  Radar                                     
        observations of near Earth asteroids 6489 Golevka and 4197 (1982 TA).                            
        Journal of the Communications Research Laboratory [Japan] 48, 143-150.                           
                                                                                                         
29.  Ostro, S. J., R. F. Jurgens, K. D. Rosema, R. S. Hudson,                                            
	J. D. Giorgini, R. Winkler, D.K. Yeomans, D. Choate, R. Rose,                                           
	M. A. Slade, S. D. Howard, D. J. Scheeres, and D. L. Mitchell                                           
	(1996).  Radar observations of asteroid 1620 Geographos.                                             
	Icarus 121, 46-66.                                                                           
                                                                                                         
30.  Mitchell, D. L., S. J. Ostro, R. S. Hudson, K. D. Rosema, D. B. Campbell,                           
 	R. Velez, J. F. Chandler, I. I. Shapiro, J. D. Giorgini, and                                           
 	D. K. Yeomans.  Radar observations of asteroids 1 Ceres, 2 Pallas,                                     
 	and 4 Vesta (1995).  Icarus 124, 113-133.                                                
                                                                                                         
31.  Benner, L. A. M., S. J. Ostro, J. D. Giorgini, R. F. Jurgens, D. L. Mitchell,                       
        R. Rose, K. D. Rosema, M. A. Slade, R. Winkler, D. K. Yeomans,                                   
        D. B. Campbell, J. F.  Chandler, and I. I. Shapiro (1997).                                       
        Radar detection of near-Earth asteroids 2062 Aten, 2101 Adonis,                                  
        3103 Eger, 4544 Xanthus, and 1992 QN.                                                            
        Icarus 130, 296-312.                                                               
                                                                                                         
32.  Ostro, S. J., K. D. Rosema, D. B. Campbell, and I. I. Shapiro (2002).                               
	Radar Observations of Asteroid 1862 Apollo.                                                             
        Icarus 156, 580-583.                                                               
                                                                                                         
33.  Mahapatra, P. R., L. A. M. Benner, S. J. Ostro, R. F. Jurgens, J. D. Giorgini,                      
        D. K. Yeomans, J. F. Chandler, and I. I. Shapiro (2002).                                         
	Radar Observations of Asteroid 7335 (1989 JA).                                                          
	Planetary and Space Science 50, 257-260.                                                  
                                                                                                         
34.  Benner, L. A. M, R. S. Hudson, S. J. Ostro, K. D. Rosema, J. D. Giorgini,                           
        D. K. Yeomans, R. F. Jurgens, D. L. Mitchell,  R. Winkler, R. Rose, M. A. Slade,                 
        M. L. Thomas, and P. Pravec (1999). Radar Observations of Asteroid 2063 Bacchus.                 
        Icarus 139, 309-327.                                                               
                                                                                                         
35.  Zaitsev, A. L., S. J. Ostro, S. P. Ignatov, D. K. Yeomans, A. G. Petrenko,                          
        D. Choate, O.  K. Margorin, R. A. Cormier, V. V. Mardyshkin, R. Winkler,                         
        O. N. Rghiga, R. F.  Jurgens,V. A. Shubin, J. D. Giorgini, A. P. Krivtsov,                       
        K. D. Rosema, Y. F. Koluka, M. A. Slade, A. L. Gavrik, V. B. Andreev,                            
        D. V. Ivanov, P. S. Peshin, Y. Koyama, M. Yoshikava, A. Nakamura (1997).                         
        Intercontinental bistatic radar observations of 6489 Golevka (1991 JX).                          
        Planetary Space Sci. 45, 771-778.                                                  
                                                                                                         
36.  Spence, L. B., T. J. Morgan, and J. Sharma (1997).  Haystack radar                                  
        observation of the asteroid Toutatis.  M.I.T. Lincoln Laboratory                                 
        Project Report PSI-188, Aug. 26, 1997.                                                           
                                                                                                         
37.  Benner, L. A. M., , S. J. Ostro, K. D. Rosema, J. D. Giorgini,                                      
        D. Choate, R. F. Jurgens, R. Rose, M. A. Slade, M. L. Thomas,                                    
        R. Winkler, and D. K. Yeomans (1999). Radar Observations of Asteroid                             
        7822 (1991 CS).  Icarus 137, 247-259.                                              
                                                                                                         
38.  Mahapatra, P., S. J. Ostro, L. A. M. Benner, K. D. Rosema, R. F. Jurgens,                           
        R. Winkler, R. Rose, J. D. Giorgini, D. K. Yeomans, and M. A. Slade (1999).                      
        Recent Radar Observations of Asteroid 1566 Icarus.                                               
        Planetary and Space Science 47, 987-995.                                           
                                                                                                         
39.  Ostro, S. J., R. S. Hudson, K. D. Rosema, J. D. Giorgini, R. F. Jurgens,                            
        D. Yeomans, P. W. Chodas, R. Winkler, R. Rose, D. Choate, R. A. Cormier,                         
        D. Kelley, R. Littlefair, L. A. M. Benner, M. L. Thomas, and M. A. Slade (1999).                 
        Asteroid 4179 Toutatis: 1996 Radar Observations. Icarus 137, 122-139.              
                                                                                                         
40.  Magri, C., S. J. Ostro, K. D. Rosema, M. L. Thomas, D. L. Mitchell, D. B. Campbell,                 
        J. F. Chandler, I. I. Shapiro, J. D. Giorgini, and D. K. Yeomans (1999).                         
        Mainbelt Asteroids: Results of Arecibo and Goldstone Radar Observations of                       
        37 Objects During 1980-1995. Icarus 140,379-407.                                   
                                                                                                         
41.  Ostro, S. J., P. Pravec, L. A. M. Benner, R. S. Hudson, L. Sarounova,                               
	M. D. Hicks, D. L. Rabinowitz, J. V. Scotti, D. J. Tholen, M. Wolf,                                     
	R. F. Jurgens, M. L. Thomas, J. D. Giorgini, P. W. Chodas,                                              
	D. K. Yeomans, R. Rose, R. Frye, K. D. Rosema, R. Winkler, M. A. Slade.                                 
	Radar and Optical Observations of Asteroid 1998 KY26.                                                   
	Science 285, 557-559 (1999).                                                              
                                                                                                         
42.  Benner, L. A. M., S. J. Ostro, R. S. Hudson, K. D. Rosema, R. F. Jurgens,                           
	D. K. Yeomans, D. B. Campbell, J. F. Chandler, and I. I. Shapiro.                                       
	Radar Observations of Asteroid 3908 Nyx. Icarus 158, 379-388 (2002).                      
                                                                                                         
43.  Giorgini, J. D., , S. J. Ostro, L. A. M. Benner, P. W. Chodas, S. R. Chesley,                       
	R. S. Hudson, M. C. Nolan, A. R. Klemola, E. M. Standish, R. F. Jurgens, R. Rose,                       
	A. B. Chamberlin, D. K. Yeomans, J.-L. Margot (2002). Asteroid 1950 DA's Encounter                      
        with Earth in 2880: Physical Limits of Collision Probability Prediction.                         
        Science 296, 132-136                                                               
                                                                                                         
44.  Ostro, S. J., R. S. Hudson, M. C. Nolan, J.-L. Margot, D. J. Scheeres, D. B. Campbell,              
        C. Magri, J. D. Giorgini, and D. K. Yeomans (2000).                                              
        Radar Observations of Asteroid 216 Kleopatra.  Science 288, 836-839.               
                                                                                                         
45.  Pravec, P., L. Sarounova, L. A. M. Benner, S. J. Ostro, M. D. Hicks,                                
        R. F. Jurgens, J. D. Giorgini, M. A. Slade, D. K. Yeomans, D. L. Rabinowitz,                     
        Y. N. Krugly, and M. Wolf.  Slowly rotating asteroid 1999 GU3.                                   
        Icarus 148, 589-593 (2000).                                                        
                                                                                                         
46.  Margot, J. L., M. C. Nolan, L. A. M. Benner, S.J. Ostro, R. F. Jurgens,                             
        J. D. Giorgini, M. A. Slade, and D. B. Campbell.                                                 
        Binary Asteroids in the Near-Earth Object Population.                                            
        Science 296, 1445-1448 (2002).                                                     
                                                                                                         
47.  Di Martino, M., S. Montebugnoli, G. Cevolani, C. Bortolotti, A. Cattani, M. Delbo,                  
	C. Guidi, A. Maccaferri, G. Maccaferri, J.  Monari, A. Orlati, M. Poloni, S. Poppi,                     
	S. Righini, M. Roma, L. Saba, S. Ostro, and A. Zaitsev.                                                 
	Results of the First Italian Planetary Radar Experiment.                                                
	Planet. Space Sci. 52,325-330 (2004).                                                                   
                                                                                                         
48.  Hudson, R. S., S. J. Ostro, and D. J. Scheeres.                                                     
        High-Resolution Model of Asteroid 4179 Toutatis.                                                 
         Icarus 161, 346-355 (2003).                                                       
                                                                                                         
49.  Benner L. A. M., S. J. Ostro, M. C. Nolan, J.-L. Margot, J. D. Giorgini, R. S. Hudson,              
	R. F. Jurgens, M. A. Slade, E. S. Howell, D. B. Campbell, and D. K. Yeomans.                            
	Radar Observations of Asteroid 1999 JM8.                                                                
	Meteoritics Planet. Sci.37, 779-792 (2002).                                               
                                                                                                         
50.  Chesley, S. R., S. J. Ostro, D. Vokrouhlicky, D. Capek, J. D. Giorgini, M. C. Nolan,                
	J. L. Margot, A. A. Hine, L. A. M. Benner, and A. B. Chamberlin.                                        
	Direct Detection of the Yarkovsky Effect via Radar Ranging to Asteroid 6489 Golevka.                    
	Science 302, 1739-1742 (2003).                                                            
                                                                                                         
51.  Ostro, S. J., L. A. M. Benner, M. C. Nolan, C. Magri, J. D. Giorgini, D. J. Scheeres,               
	S. B. Broschart, M. Kaasalainen, D. Vokrouhlicky', S. R. Chesley, J. L. Margot,                         
	R. F. Jurgens, R. Rose, D. K. Yeomans, S. Suzuki, and E. M. De Jong.                                    
	Radar Observations of Asteroid 25143 Itokawa (1998 SF36).                                               
	Meteoritics and Planetary Science39, 407-424 (2004).                                      
                                                                                                         
52.  Shepard, M. K., L. A. M. Benner, S. J. Ostro, D. B. Campbell, L.M. I. I. Shapiro, and               
	J. F. Chandler.                                                                                         
	Radar Detection of Near-Earth Asteroids 1915 Quetzalcoatl, 3199 Nefertiti,                              
	   3757 (1982 XB), and 4034 (1986 PA).                                                                  
	Icarus 172, 170-178 (2004).                                                               
                                                                                                         
54.  Campbell, D. B., J. K. Harmon, and I. I. Shapiro. Radar observations of comet Halley.               
        Astrophys. J. 338, 1094-1105 (1989)                                                
                                                                                                         
55.  Goldstein, R. M., R. F. Jurgens, and Z. Sekanina.                                                   
        A radar study of comet IRAS-Araki-Alcock 1983d. Astron. J. 89,                     
        1745-1754 (1984).                                                                                
                                                                                                         
56.  Harmon, J. K., Campbell, D. B., Hine, A. A., Shapiro, I. I. and Marsden, B. G. (1989).              
        Radar observations of comet IRAS-Araki-Alcock 1983d.  Astroph. J., 338,            
        1071-1093.                                                                                       
                                                                                                         
57.  Harmon, J. K., Ostro, S. J., Benner, L. A. M., Rosema, K. D., Jurgens,                              
        R. F., Winkler, R., Yeomans, D. K., Choate, D., Cormier, R., Giorgini,                           
        J. D., Mitchell, D. L., Chodas, P. W., Rose, R., Kelley, D., Slade,                              
        M. A. and Thomas, M. L. (1997).  Comet Hyakutake (C/1996 B2):                                    
        Radar detection of nucleus and coma.  Science 278, 1921-1924.                      
                                                                                                         
58.  Harmon, J. K., Campbell, D. B., Ostro, S. J. and Nolan, M. C. (1999)                                
        Radar observations of comets.  Planet. Space Sci. 47,                              
        1409-1422.                                                                                       
                                                                                                         
59.  Harmon, J. K., M. C. Nolan, S. J. Ostro, and D. B. Campbell.                                        
        Radar Studies of Comet Nuclei and Grain Comae.                                                   
        In Comets II (M. Festou, U. Keller, H. Weaver, eds.),                                     
        Univ of Arizona, Tucson, pp. 265-279 (2005).                                                     
                                                                                                         
60.  Kamoun, P. G., D. B. Campbell, S. J. Ostro, G. H. Pettengill, and I. I. Shapiro.                    
        Comet Encke: Radar detection of nucleus.  Science 216,                             
        293-295 (1982).                                                                                  
                                                                                                         
61.  Kamoun, P., D. Campbell, G. Pettengill, and I. Shapiro.                                             
        Radar observations of three comets and detection of echoes from                                  
        one:  P/Grigg-Skjellerup. Planet. Space Sci. 47, 23-28 (1999).                     
                                                                                                         
62.  Ostro, S. J., L. A. M. Benner, C. Magri, J. D. Giorgini, R. Rose, R. F. Jurgens,                    
	D. K. Yeomans, A. A. Hine, M. C. Nolan, D. J. Scheeres, S. B. Broschart,                                
	M. Kaasalainen, and J. L. Margot.                                                                       
	Radar Observations of Itokawa in 2004 and Improved Shape Estimation.                                    
	Meteoritics and Planetary Science40, 1563-1574 (2005).                                    
                                                                                                         
63.  Busch, M. W., S. J. Ostro, L. A.M. Benner, J. D. Giorgini, R. F. Jurgens,                           
        R. Rose, C. Magri, P. Pravec, D. J. Scheeres and S. B. Broschart.                                
        Radar and Optical Observations and Physical Modeling of                                          
        Near-Earth Asteroid 10115 (1992 SK).  Icarus181, 145-155 (2005).                   
                                                                                                         
64.  Shepard, M. K., J. Schlieder, B. Estes, C. Magri, M. C. Nolan, J.-L. Margot,                        
        S. J. Bus, E. L. Volquardsen, A. Rivkin, L. A. M. Benner, J. D. Giorgini,                        
        S. J. Ostro, and M. W. Busch.                                                                    
        Radar, Optical, and Thermal Observations of the Binary Near-Earth Asteroid 2002 CE26.            
        Icarus 184, 198-210 (2006).                                                        
                                                                                                         
65.  Nolan, M. C., J. K. Harmon, E. S. Howell, D. B. Campbell, and J.-L. Margot.                         
	Detection of large grains in the coma of Comet C/2001 A2 (LINEAR) from Arecibo radar                    
	observations.  Icarus 181, 432-441 (2006).                                                
                                                                                                         
66.  Magri, C., M. C. Nolan, S. J. Ostro, and J. D. Giorgini.                                            
	A Radar Survey of Main-Belt Asteroids: Arecibo Observations of 55 Objects During 1999-2003.             
	Icarus 186, 126-151 (2007).                                                               
                                                                                                         
67.  Magri, C., S. J. Ostro, D. J. Scheeres, M. C. Nolan, J. D. Giorgini, L. A. M . Benner,              
	and J. L. Margot.  Radar Observations and a Physical Model of Asteroid 1580 Betulia.                    
	Icarus 186, 152-177 (2007).                                                               
                                                                                                         
68.  Taylor, P. A., J.-L. Margot, D. Vokrouhlicky, D. J. Scheeres, P. Pravec, S. C. Lowry,               
	A. Fitzsimmons, M. C. Nolan, S. J. Ostro, L. A. M. Benner, J. D. Giorgini, and C. Magri.                
	Increasing Spin Rate of Asteroid 54509 (2000 PH5) a Result of the YORP Effect.                          
	 Science 316, 274-277. (DOI: 10.1126/science.1139038).                                    
                                                                                                         
69.  Ostro, S. J., J.-L. Margot, L. A. M. Benner, J. D. Giorgini, D. J. Scheeres, E. G. Fahnestock,      
	S. B. Broschart, J. Bellerose, M. C. Nolan, C. Magri, P. Pravec, P. Scheirich, R. Rose,                 
	R. F. Jurgens, E. M. de Jong, and S. Suzuki.                                                            
	Radar imaging of binary near-Earth asteroid (66391) 1999 KW4.                                           
	Science 314, 1276-1280 (DOI: 10.1126/science.1133622).                                    
                                                                                                         
70.  Busch, M. W., J. D. Giorgini, S. J. Ostro, L. A. M. Benner, R. F. Jurgens, R. Rose,                 
	M. D. Hicks, P. Pravec, P. Kusnirak, M. J. Ireland, D. J. Scheeres, S. B. Broschart,                    
	C. Magri, M. C. Nolan, and A. A. Hine.                                                                  
	Physical Modeling of Near-Earth Asteroid (29075) 1950 DA.                                               
	Icarus 190, 608-621 (2007).

71. Shepard, M. K., B. E. Clark, M. C. Nolan, L A. M. Benner, S. J. Ostro, J. D. Giorgini, F. Vilas, K. Jarvis, S. Lederer, L. Lim, T. McConnochie, J. Bell, J.-L. Margot, A. Rivkin, C. Magri, D. Scheeres, and P. Pravec. Multi-Wavelength Observations of Asteroid 2100 Ra-Shalom. Icarus 193, 20-38 (2007). 72. Shepard, M. K., B. E. Clark, M. C. Nolan, E. Howell, C. Magri, J. D. Giorgini, L. A. M. Benner, S. J. Ostro, A. W. Harris, B. Warner, P. Pravec, M. Fauerbach, T. Bennett, A. Klotz, R. Behrend, H. Correia, J. Coloma, S. Casulli, and A. Rivkin. A Radar Survey of X and M-Class Asteroids. Icarus 195, 184-205 (2008). 73. Shepard, M. K., K. M. Kressler, B. Ellen Clark, M. E. Ockert-Bell, M. C. Nolan, E. S. Howell, C. Magri, J. D. Giorgini, L. A.M. Benner, S. J. Ostro. Radar Observations E-Class Asteroids 44 Nysa and 434 Hungaria. Icarus 195, 220-225 (2008). 74. Busch, M. W., L. A. M. Benner, S. J. Ostro, J. D. Giorgini, R. F. Jurgens, R. Rose, D. J. Scheeres, C. Magri, M . C. Nolan, and A. A. Hine. Physical Properties of Near-Earth Asteroid (33342) 1998 WT24. Icarus 195, 614-621 (2008). 75. Brozovic, M., S. J. Ostro, L. A. M. Benner, J. D. Giorgini, R. F. Jurgens, R. Rose, M. C. Nolan, A. A. Hine, C. Magri, D. J. Scheeres, and J.-L. Margot. Radar Observations and a Physical Model of Asteroid 4660 Nereus, A Prime Space Mission Target. Icarus, in press (2009). 76. Benner, L. A. M., M. C. Nolan, S. J. Ostro, J. D. Giorgini, C. Magri, and J. L. Margot. 2005 CR37: Radar images of a candidate contact binary. Icarus 182, 474-481 (2006). 77. Giorgini, J. D., L. A. M. Benner, S. J. Ostro, M. C. Nolan, and M. W. Busch. Predicting the Earth encounters of (99942) Apophis. Icarus 193, 1-19 (2008). 78. Ostro, S. J., J. D. Giorgini, L. A. M. Benner, A. A. Hine, M. C. Nolan, J. L. Margot, P. W. Chodas, and C. Veillet. Radar detection of asteroid 2002 AA29. Icarus 166, 271-275 (2003). *N M. C. Nolan et al., unpublished. [94 entries] *LB L. A. M. Benner et al., unpublished. [76 entries] *O S. J. Ostro et al., unpublished. [38 entries] *CM C. Magri et al., unpublished. [26 entries] *JLM J.-L. Margot et al., unpublished. [19 entries] *S M. K. Shepard et al., unpublished. [12 entries] *MWB M. W. Busch et al., unpublished. [10 entries] *EH E. S. Howell et al., unpublished. [ 7 entries] *C L. M. Carter et al., unpublished. [ 4 entries] *GB G. J. Black et al., unpublished. [ 3 entries] *MB M. Brozovic et al., unpublished. [10 entries] *JH J. K. Harmon et al., unpublished. [ 2 entries] *T P. A. Taylor et al., unpublished. [ 1 entry] *IM I. Molotov et al., unpublished. [ 1 entry] --- 302 Administered by: Dr. Lance A. M. Benner 300-233 Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109-8099 email: lance.benner@jpl.nasa.gov



Radar Detected Asteroids

(numerical list)

Asteroid Radar Research