2.3. Detectors

GRaND uses scintillator- and semiconductor-based radiation sensors to detect neutrons and gamma rays as well as energetic particles from the space environment. A scintillator is a transparent material that converts the kinetic energy of charged particles (such as electrons produced by gamma ray interactions or alpha particles and recoil protons produced by neutron reactions) into flashes of light detectable by a photomultiplier tube or photodiode. Semiconductors can be used to detect gamma rays. Swift electrons produced by Compton and photoelectric interactions ionize the semiconductor, producing electron-hole pairs. The electrons and holes drift under the influence of an applied electric field to electrical contacts. As they drift, the electrons and holes induce charge on the contacts, which can be measured by a chargesensitive preamplifier. The amplitude of the charge pulse is proportional to the energy deposited by the gamma ray, which enables semiconductors to be used for spectroscopy

The sensors and shielding/structural materials of GRaND were arranged to distinguish gamma rays and neutrons originating from the target body from those from background sources, including neutrons and gamma rays produced by cosmic rays in the bulk spacecraft, and energetic particle interactions with the instrument. The sensors on GRaND were selected to operate between -20° C and 30° C and do not require active cooling.

GRaND uses four types of radiation sensors, which are shown in the cutaway diagram of the instrument in Figure 2a (their energy ranges are summarized in Table 5):

1. Bismuth germinate (BGO) scintillator: A 7.6 (X) cm x 7.6 (Y) cm x 5.08 (Z) cm BGO crystal (approximately 300 cm³ volume) is located in the center of the scintillator subassembly. The scintillator is coupled to a 5.08 cm diameter photomultiplier tube. BGO has high density and high atomic number and is sensitive to gamma rays over a wide energy range (up to 10 MeV). The pulse height resolution at room temperature is approximately 10% full-width-at- halfmaximum (FWHM) at 662 keV.

2. Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT) semiconductor: A planar array of 4 x 4 CZT crystals is positioned on the +Z side of the BGO crystal (Figure ), which faces towards the asteroid during science mapping. Each crystal is 10 mm x 10 mm x 7 mm. Consequently, the array has a sensitive volume of 11.2 cm³. Coplanar grids are used to mitigate the effects of hole trapping, resulting in excellent peak shape and pulse height resolution over a wide range of energies. The pulse height resolution was better than 3% FWHM at 662 keV during laboratory testing. The array was designed to measure gamma rays with energies up to 3 MeV. The relatively high energy resolution of the CZT array enables accurate measurement of gamma rays in the densely-populated, low energy region of the spectrum, which contains gamma rays from radioactive decay and cosmic-ray induced reactions within the surface of the asteroid

3. B-loaded plastic scintillator: Two L-shaped boron-loaded plastic (BLP) scintillators (each 193 cm³) are located on the -Y and +Y sides, surrounding the sides of the BGO crystal and CZT array. The scintillators act as an anticoincidence shield to reject cosmic ray interactions. In addition, the scintillators are sensitive to neutrons. Fast neutrons (with energies greater than 700 keV) can undergo elastic scattering with H within the plastic to produce knock-on protons, which ionize the scintillator, resulting in the production of detectable light. In addition, thermal and epithermal neutrons can be captured via the ¹⁰B(n,α)⁷Li* reaction to produce 93 keV_ee light output. Note that the subscript 'ee' indicates an electron-equivalent energy, corresponding to the energy a swift electron would need in order to produce the same light output as the reaction products. The reaction product, ⁷Li*, produces a 478 keV prompt gamma ray. Fast neutrons with energies greater than 700 keV produce a characteristic double pulse signature, corresponding to light output from fast-neutron proton recoils followed later by neutron capture with ¹⁰B after the neutron has thermalized. The amplitude of the first pulse is related to the energy of the incident neutron. Thermal and epithermal neutrons also produce a unique coincidence signature, corresponding to 93 keV_ee of light produced in the plastic in coincidence with 478 keV deposited in the BGO crystal.

4. Li-glass, B-loaded-plastic phosphor sandwich (phoswich): Two BLP scintillators are located on the nadir (+Z) and spacecraft (-Z) sides of the instrument, centered on the CZT array and BGO crystal. Each BLP scintillator is approximately 10.16 cm x 10.16 cm x 2.54 cm (264 cm³) and is read out by a 2.54 cm diameter phototube. With the exception of the outward-facing side, each scintillator is covered with a sheet of Gd foil, which absorbs thermal neutrons. The outward facing side is covered by a plate of lithiated glass, 0.2 cm thick. The lithiated glass is optically-coupled to the BLP such that the phototube measures light produced in both the glass and the plastic. ⁶Li is a strong thermal neutron absorber. Consequently, the BLP is shielded from thermal neutrons. Epithermal neutrons that undergo capture via the ¹⁰B(n,α) reaction in the BLP produce 93 keV_ee. Thermal and epithermal neutrons can undergo neutron capture via the ⁶Li(n,t) reaction, which produces approximately 340 keV_ee, and is seen as a separate peak in the pulse height spectrum. Consequently, the thermal neutron signature can be determined by the weighted difference between the counting rates observed for the two reactions. Fast neutrons are measured using the double pulse signature in the BLP. In addition, the (n,γ) BLP-BGO coincidence signature provides a low-background measurement of epithermal neutrons.

FIGURE 2A. CUTAWAY VIEWS OF GRAND

Cutaway views of GRaND show the placement of subsystems and components (an XY cut is shown left and a XZ cut is shown right). The coordinate system for GRaND is the same as that of the spacecraft. GRaND is mounted on the (+X, +Y) corner of the +Z deck of the spacecraft (Figure 2b). During mapping at Vesta and Ceres, the body center is in the +Z direction. The instrument coordinate system determines the naming convention of the sensors and orientation of the instrument relative to the spacecraft. The use of MZ indicates a sensor on the -Z (spacecraft-facing during mapping) side of GRaND; PZ indicates the sensor is on the +Z (asteroid when pointing nadir) side; MY indicates the sensor is on the -Y side (inboard) side of the instrument; and PY indicates the sensor is on the +Y side (outboard, towards the +Y solar panel) side of the instrument. The phototube assembly, labeled ‘PMTs’ in the figure, points along the +X axis (towards the high gain antenna). A detailed diagram of the sensor layout is provided in Prettyman et al. (2011). Artwork courtesey S. Storms of Los Alamos National Laboratory.

FIGURE 2B. LOCATION OF GRAND

GRaND is mounted on the (+X, +Y) corner of the +Z deck of the spacecraft. During mapping at Vesta and Ceres, the body center is in the +Z direction.

Table 5. Approximate energy range and pulse height resolution of GRaND sensors at nominal high voltage settings.

   --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Sensor       ADC bits(1)   Energy        keV per   Energy          Threshold
                              range (MeV)   channel   resolution
   --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   +/-Z phos.    8            0 to 2.55     10        20%(2)/40%(3)   20 keV(4)/50 keV(5)
   +/-Y BLP      8            0 to 2.55     10        40%(3)          20 keV(4)/50 keV(5)
   BGO          10            0 to 10       10        10.5%(6)        300 keV
   CZT          11            0 to 4         2        3%(6)           300 keV
   --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (1) 12-bit ADCs are used for all sensors. The maximum number of high-order 
       bits used is given.
   (2) Percentage full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the 260 keVee
       6Li(n,t)4He reaction peak.
   (3) Percentage FWHM of the 93 keVee 10B(n,α)7Li 
       reaction peak.
   (4) Prompt threshold; 
   (5) delayed threshold (second interaction for fast neutrons).
   (6) Percentage FWHM at 662 keV (gamma rays from a 137Cs source). 
       Note that the pulse height resolution of the CZT sensors has gradually 
       degraded in flight from the quoted value due to radiation damage 
       (Prettyman et al., 2011).                                                

2.4. Electronics

An electronics block diagram of GRaND is shown in Figure 3. GRaND derives power from the S/C 28Vdc power bus. The instrument low voltage power supply provides +/-5V to all the digital and analog circuits and +12V to all high voltage power sources, which supply 0 to +1500V to the photomultiplier tubes and -1500V/+70V to the CZT sensors. The instrument transmits and receives data through an RS-422 interface. The instrument is controlled by a UTMC micro-controller, which manages instrument subsystems, processes commands, monitors state of health (SOH), and processes the science data. Each of the radiation sensors is read out by analog front-end electronics, which provides shaped pulses, which are digitized by analog-todigital-converters (ADC) to determine pulse amplitude, and timing signals for analysis of coincident events. Signals from the FEE are processed by an Actel field-programmable-gatearray (FPGA). The FPGA categorizes signals from the sensors, identifying patterns that correspond to important events (for example, the fast neutron double-pulse signature). SOH data are recorded in the engineering telemetry, including high voltage values and temperatures. Commandable parameters include instrument high voltage settings, parameters used to classify coincidence events, and measurement intervals.

FIGURE 2. INSTRUMENT ELECTRONICS BLOCK DIAGRAM

2.5. Measured Parameters

Each science record sent by GRaND contains counting data acquired during a collection interval, which is set by the commandable parameter TELREADOUT. The collection intervals are successive, forming a time series that can be analyzed to map elemental abundances. The records are time-tagged with the spacecraft clock (SCLK) value, which can be merged with NAIF/SPICE ephemeris data for mapping. Each science record includes scaler data, event data, and histograms. The pattern of pulses recorded by the sensors for each radiation interaction is processed by the FPGA, which categorizes the events. The events are scaled and binned into histograms. In addition, a subset of neutron and gamma ray events are recorded in a fixed length buffer. At the end of each collection interval, the data are compressed, packetized, and transmitted. The event categories recorded by GRaND are as follows (Note that event categories 3, 5, 6, and 8 were deleted during instrument development):

Category 1 (CAT1): A single pulse from the -Z or +Z phoswich. CAT1 data are binned into a histogram (256 channels) which can be analyzed to determine the areas of peaks corresponding to the 93 keV_ee ¹⁰B(n,α) and the 340 keV_ee ⁶Li(n,t) reactions.

Category 2 (CAT2): A prompt coincidence between the BGO and any one of the four BLP scintillators. The objective is to record thermal and epithermal neutron interactions by detecting the prompt coincidence between the deposition of 93 keV_ee by the ¹⁰ B(n, α)⁷Li* reaction products in the BLP and full energy deposition of the associated gamma ray from ⁷Li* → ⁷Li + γ, where ⁷Li* denotes the first excited level of ⁷Li. If a coincidence is detected, the FPGA checks to see if the pulse height recorded by the BGO is within a commandable coincidence window, set to bracket the 478 keV full energy peak. If so, then the pulse recorded by the BLP is binned into a 64-channel histogram that contains the 93 keV_ee reaction peak. Redundantly, the FPGA also checks to see if the pulse height recorded by the BLP is within a commandable coincidence window set to bracket the 93 keV_ee peak. If so, then the pulse recorded by the BGO is binned in a 64-channel histogram that contains the 478 keV full energy peak. Consequently, two 64channel spectra are recorded for each BLP. Since the +/-Z BLP scintillators are shielded by Gd and Li-glass, the areas of the 93 keV_ee and 478 keV peaks in the 64-channel histograms recorded by the CAT2 process for these two scintillators are sensitive to epithermal neutrons. The CAT2 signature for the side scintillators, which are unshielded, is sensitive to both thermal and epithermal neutrons.

Category 4 (CAT4): A double-pulse occurring in any one of the phoswich or BLP scintillators. To reduce after-pulsing, events for which the second events occur within 400 ns are rejected. The maximum time to the second pulse (TTSP) recorded by GRaND is 25.6 microseconds. The amplitudes of the first and second pulse and the TTSP are recorded as list mode data in a fixed length buffer. The total number of CAT4 events processed by the FPGA during the collection interval is recorded in the scaler data. The CAT4 data can be analyzed to determine the flux and energy distribution of fast neutrons.

Category 7 (Cat7): A coincidence between a single CZT sensor and the BGO scintillator. The CZT pulse height (digitized by a 12-bit ADC) and CZT-sensor- ID are recorded as event data in the gamma event buffer. The BGO pulse height is recorded as a 9 bit unsigned integer. The portion of the gamma event buffer reserved for CAT7 events is commandable. The CAT7 data can be used to discriminate gamma rays originating from the target body and the spacecraft. For example, gamma rays originating from the target body (from nadir) can undergo low angle Compton scattering in a CZT sensor prior to entering the BGO crystal, where they may deposit the rest of their energy. The energy of the gamma ray can be determined by summing the pulse heights measured by the CZT and BGO sensors. Gamma rays originating from the spacecraft are shielded from the CZT array by the BGO crystal. In addition, those originating from the spacecraft that interact with a CZT sensor must scatter through a large angle, depositing a relatively large amount of energy in the CZT sensor before reaching the BGO crystal. Consequently, summing the energy deposited in the CZT and BGO sensors for events in which the energy deposited in the BGO sensor is greater than the energy deposited in the CZT sensor tends to reject gamma rays originating from the spacecraft.

Category 9 (CAT9): A single pulse from the BGO scintillator. The CAT9 events are recorded as a 1024 channel pulse height spectrum.

Category 10 (CAT10): A single interaction with a CZT sensor, in which one of the 16 CZT sensor records a pulse and none of the other sensors on GRaND (including BGO, BLP, etc..) are triggered. The pulse height (digitized by a 12- bit ADC) and CZT-sensor-ID are recorded as list-mode data in a fixed length buffer. The total number of CAT10 events processed by the FPGA during the collection interval is recorded in the scaler data. The CAT10 list mode data can be processed, given the known energy calibration for each of the sensors, to form a composite pulse height spectrum. During mapping, the CAT9 histogram and CAT10 composite spectrum contain full energy peaks corresponding to radioactive decay and nuclear reactions occurring within the planetary surface, which can be analyzed to determine elemental abundances.

Summary of Event Categories
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CAT1   A single pulse from either the –Z or +Z phoswich recorded in 256-channel 
       histograms. Sensitive to thermal and epithermal neutrons.
       
CAT2   Coincidence between the any of the four BLP scintillators and the BGO 
       sensor. Pairs of 64-channel histograms are recorded for each BLP-BGO 
       combination (e.g. +Z phoswich – BGO).  Sensitive to thermal and 
       epithermal neutrons.
       
CAT4   Double pulse in the BLP sensors. The amplitude and ID of the BLP sensor 
       for the first and second pulses is recorded along with the time between 
       pulses in the neutron event buffer.  Sensitive to fast neutrons.

CAT7   Coincidence between the BGO and any one of the 16 CZT sensors.  The CZT 
       pulse amplitude, sensor ID, and the BGO pulse amplitude are recorded in 
       the gamma event buffer.  Useful, for example, for pair spectroscopy.

CAT9   A single pulse from the BGO sensor binned into a 1024-channel histogram. 
       Sensitive to gamma rays up to about 10 MeV.

CAT10  A single pulse from any one of the 16 CZT sensors.  The pulse amplitude 
       and sensor ID is recorded in the gamma event buffer along with the CAT7 
       data. The only distinguishing characteristic between CAT7 and CAT10 is 
       that the BGO pulse amplitude is greater than 0 for CAT7 and 0 for CAT10. 
       Sensitive to gamma rays up to about 3 MeV.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                               

2.6. Operational Modes

GRaND has three operational modes:

1. STANDBY;

2. NORMAL; and

3. ANNEAL.

The instrument starts in STANDBY mode. In STANDBY mode, the radiation sensors are not operational (all commands are accepted except high voltage enable commands). Only SOH data are generated in standby mode. Data from the temperature sensors are recorded in STANDBY if the +/-5V low voltage supply is activated. From STANDBY, the instrument can be commanded to NORMAL mode for which all commands are accepted. In NORMAL mode, the instrument can be configured for science data acquisition, including enabling and setting the high voltage level for each sensor. Both SOH and science data are included in the telemetry. From STANDBY, the instrument can also be commanded to ANNEAL mode, which is designed to anneal radiation damage accrued by the CZT crystals (Prettyman et al., 2003). Only SOH data are generated in ANNEAL mode.

2.7. Operational Considerations

Science data will be acquired by GRaND during cruise, Mars Flyby, and mapping of Vesta and Ceres. In order to acquire science data, GRaND must be in NORMAL mode with high voltages turned on and adjusted to nominal settings. Large gaps in the data are expected during cruise, when the instrument is off. For science mapping, only data acquired when the instrument bore-sight is pointed to within 5-deg of body center are used. In addition, solar energetic particle events are reported separately from data acquired during quiet conditions. Contamination from other instruments and spacecraft subsystems appears to be negligible, but will be evaluated throughout the mission.

2.8. Ground Calibration

Calibration data for GRaND were acquired during assembly, test, and launch operations (ATLO), before and after delivery of the instrument for integration with the spacecraft. Prior to delivery, the instrument was characterized at a calibration facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory and on the bench using neutron and gamma ray sources. The main goals of the calibration exercise were to verify the functionality of each of the sensors; determine the energy calibration for each sensor and event category; determine the absolute calibration (relationship between flux and counting rate) for each sensor and event category as a function of incident energy and direction. Data acquired during comprehensive performance tests (CPTs) following integration of GRaND with the spacecraft provide supplemental information needed to confirm the energy calibration.

2.9. Inflight Calibration

Data acquired by GRaND during cruise and Mars Gravity Assist are useful for instrument calibration as well as characterization of the energetic particle background during periods of low solar activity, which are representative of data used for mapping (solar energetic particle events are excluded). The close fly by of Mars by Dawn provided a valuable data set that can be compared directly to data acquired by the Mars Odyssey Gamma Ray and Neutron Spectrometer subsystems, enabling cross-calibration of GRaND with Mars Odyssey (see Prettyman et al., 2011 for details). Cruise data acquired before and after encounters with Ceres and Vesta will be used to assess the buildup of induced radioactivity with GRaND, if detectable.

3.1 Data Sets

A summary of data files included in the Level 1A and 1B archives are provided in the following table:

Table 6. Standard Data Products

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Data Set ID  |Standard        |Standard Product Description
             |Data            |
             |Products        |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |AUX_RDG         |Instrument readings file: a time-ordered list of 
             |                |temperature and voltage readings averaged over 
             |                |each state-of-health accumulation interval 
             |                |(TELSOH), converted to physical units.
             |------------------------------------------------------------------
             |AUX_SCI-SCL     |Science scaler data: a time-ordered list of the 
             |                |scaler data recorded in the science telemetry. 
             |                |The accumulation interval for the scalers is 
             |                |TELREADOUT.
             |------------------------------------------------------------------
             |AUX_SOH-SCL     |State of health scaler data: a time-ordered list
             |                |of the scaler data recorded in the state-of-
             |                |health telemetry. The accumulation time for the 
             |                |scaler data is TELSOH. Note that the scalers are 
             |                |reset at the end of each science accumulation 
             |                |interval (TELREADOUT). If the state-of-health 
             |                |accumulation interval is selected to subsample 
             |                |the science interval, then the state-of-health 
DAWN-X-      |                |scalers can be used to detect and correct for 
GRAND-2-EDR- |                |rollover of the science scalers, such as the dead 
CRUISE-      |                |time counter.
COUNTS-V1.0  |------------------------------------------------------------------
             |AUX_STA         |Instrument state file: the instrument settings, 
or           |                |including the mode, power supply states, high 
             |                |voltage settings, the data accumulation interval, 
DAWN-M-      |                |and coincidence windows. The first record of the 
GRAND-2-EDR- |                |state-of-health file is recorded in the state 
MARS-        |                |file, stamped with SCET UTC. Thereafter, rows are 
COUNTS-V1.0  |                |added only when the instrument settings change.
             |------------------------------------------------------------------
             |GAMMA_BGO       |time-ordered list of pulse height spectra (1024 
             |                |channels with units of uncorrected 
             |                |counts/channel) acquired by the BGO sensor
             |------------------------------------------------------------------
             |GAMMA_EMG       |gamma ray event data as a binary time series
             |------------------------------------------------------------------
             |NEUTRON_BG02_MY |time-ordered lists of the 64-channel CAT2 BGO 
             |                |pulse height spectra for coincidences with the 
             |                |BGO and the BLP –Y sensor
             |------------------------------------------------------------------
             |NEUTRON_BG02_PY |time-ordered lists of the 64-channel CAT2 BGO 
             |                |pulse height spectra for coincidences with the 
             |                |BGO and the BLP +Y sensor
             |------------------------------------------------------------------
             |NEUTRON_BG02_MZ |time-ordered lists of the 64-channel CAT2 BGO 
             |                |pulse height spectra for coincidences with the 
             |                |BGO and the BLP –Z sensor
             |------------------------------------------------------------------
             |NEUTRON_BG02_PZ |time-ordered lists of the 64-channel CAT2 BGO 
             |                |pulse height spectra for coincidences with the 
             |                |BGO and the BLP +Z sensor
             |------------------------------------------------------------------
             |NEUTRON_BLP2_MY |time-ordered lists of the 64-channel CAT2 BLP 
             |                |pulse height spectra for coincidences with the 
             |                |BGO and the BLP –Y sensors
             |------------------------------------------------------------------
             |NEUTRON_BLP2_PY |time-ordered lists of the 64-channel CAT2 BLP 
             |                |pulse height spectra for coincidences with the 
             |                |BGO and the BLP +Y sensor
             |------------------------------------------------------------------
             |NEUTRON_BLP2_MZ |time-ordered lists of the 64-channel CAT2 BLP 
             |                |pulse height spectra for coincidences with the 
             |                |BGO and the BLP –Z sensor
             |------------------------------------------------------------------
             |NEUTRON_BLP2_PZ |time-ordered lists of the 64-channel CAT2 BLP 
             |                |pulse height spectra for coincidences with the 
             |                |BGO and the BLP +Z sensor
             |------------------------------------------------------------------
             |NEUTRON_EMN     |the neutron event data as a binary time series.
             |------------------------------------------------------------------
             |NEUTRON_PHOS_MZ |time-ordered lists of the 256-channel CAT1 pulse 
             |                |height spectra for the -Z phoswiches. Note that 
             |                |the naming convention for the top, bottom, and 
             |                |side scintillators is determined by the 
             |                |instrument coordinate system.
             |------------------------------------------------------------------
             |NEUTRON_PHOS_PZ |time-ordered lists of the 256-channel CAT1 pulse 
             |                |height spectra for the +Z phoswiches. Note that 
             |                |the naming convention for the top, bottom, and 
             |                |side scintillators is determined by the 
             |                |instrument coordinate system.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |-TSI-EPM*       |time series of ephemeris and pointing data, 
             |                |including the total livetime, the distance and 
             |                |direction to body center, the velocity of the 
             |                |spacecraft rotated into the reference frame of the 
             |                |instrument, the subsatellite position and 
             |                |altitude, and the fractional solid angle subtended 
             |                |by the body at the spacecraft. In addition, the 
             |                |average counting rate for the 'coincidence of 
             |                |three or more sensors' scaler (SCALER_SCI[15]) is 
             |                |provided as an indicator of the interaction rate 
             |                |of galactic cosmic rays.
DAWN-M-      |------------------------------------------------------------------
GRAND-2-RDR- |-TSI-NCR        |time series of neutron counting rates determined 
MARS-COUNTS- |                |from CAT1, CAT2, and CAT4 pulse height spectra. 
V1.0         |                |Counting rates sensitive to neutrons in the 
             |                |thermal, epithermal, and fast energy ranges are 
             |                |provided. Propogated uncertainties (1-sigma) are 
             |                |provided.
             |------------------------------------------------------------------
             |-TSI-GCR        |time series of net areas for selected full energy 
             |                |interaction peaks from the pulse height spectrum 
             |                |acquired by the BGO sensor. Propogated 
             |                |uncertainties (1-sigma) are provided.
             |------------------------------------------------------------------
             |-TSI-BGO        |time series of BGO 1024-channel pulse height 
             |                |spectra that have been adjusted so that the 
             |                |offset is 0 keV with a slope of 8.9 keV/channel. 
             |                |Note that the method for determining the 
             |                |uncertainty in the counting rates for each channel 
             |                |is provided in the format file.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

*TSI refers to the type of time series: central moving average (CMA) or decimated time series (DTS). As described in Prettyman and Feldman (2010), the Level1b data are represented as a time series in which counting rates and spectra are averaged over a time-window, consisting of an odd number of science accumulation intervals, selected by the evaluator. Two types of time series are possible: a CMA, in which the averaging window is centered on each point in the original time series, and a result is reported for each science accumulation interval; and a DTS, in which the averaging window is shifted forward in time by its width, resulting a data set that has fewer points than the original time series. The CMA is intended for mapping, for example, in cases where full sampling of rapidly changing counting rates and solid angles is needed. The DTS is useful for averaging over long periods of time, for example, during cruise, when counting rates are not changing rapidly. By averaging over long time intervals, the DTS can be used to produce high precision gamma ray spectra needed for accurate peak identification, analysis, and calibration.

3.1.1 Level 2 and Higher Order Products

While Dawn is en route to Vesta, an intense effort is underway to simulate the response of GRaND for different orbital scenarios in light of what is already known about Vesta (e.g. from the HED meteorites and the analysis of HST photometric data). The GRaND team will begin developing higher order PDS data products from these 'Virtual Vesta' simulations. The goal of the simulations is to assess the effectiveness of different operational scenarios to meet mission science objectives; to aid in the development of data reduction, mapping, and analysis algorithms; and to prepare the team for science operations at Vesta. Level 2 and higher-order products will be generated for Virtual Vesta and once data is acquired by Dawn at Vesta, including, but not limited to:

• Mapped neutron counting rates and fluxes, with corrections for variations in orbital radius and pointing;
• Mapped gamma ray spectra, with corrections for variations in orbital radius and pointing;
• Maps of neutron macro parameters (thermal neutron absorption and scattering cross sections and effective atomic mass);
• Maps of H abundance (from epithermal data);
• Maps of major and radioactive elemental abundances determined by spatio- spectral unmixing techniques;
• Maps of the preceding items determined by spatial deconvolution;
• Elemental and neutron macroparameter maps determined by forward modeling of GRaND data for geochemical regional maps defined by FC/VIR.

EDR (Level 1A) Data Production Pipeline

The GRaND EDR are a time-ordered collection of gamma ray and neutron counting data and histograms acquired by GRaND during different phases of the Dawn Mission, including assembly-test-and-launch-operations (ATLO), cruise, Mars Gravity Assist (MGA), and science mapping at 4-Vesta and 1-Ceres. The dataset also includes state-of-health data (instrument settings, temperature and voltage readings) needed for scientific analysis of the neutron and gamma ray data. The EDR is an intermediate data product (Level 1A) that is derived from Raw Data Records (Level 0) using reversible operations. The Level 1A data are the lowest level of GRaND data archived in the PDS, from which all higher order data sets are derived. To support timely delivery of higher order products, the Level 1A data are processed using an automated pipleline, which operates on Level 0 data when it is queried by the DSC.

The data set consists primarily of ASCII tables, divided into three functional categories: auxilliary information (AUX); gamma ray spectra and event data (GAMMA); and neutron spectra and event data (NEUTRON). Gamma ray and neutron event data are recorded in binary files. Some of the data in the ASCII files, which are human-readable, are repeated in the binary files to aid in the verification of user-written routines.

The Level 1A data are automatically processed using a pipeline, which operates on files queried by the DSC over selected time intervals. Each DSC query separates the GRaND data into files containing state-of-health and science data records, in the order in which they were received on the ground and with corrupted packets removed. The state-of-health data are further divided into real time telemetry data and playback data. The science data are stored in a single raw data file.

The pipeline merges the state-of-health data from the playback and realtime files to produce a time-ordered-list of records. Selected data are extracted to produce the Level 1A AUX files. Internal temperature readings are converted from data numbers (DN) to engineering units using a linear function determined during ground calibration: T (degrees C) = 0.4354 DN - 32.267. The high voltage readings for the high voltage power supplies are reported in engineering units using the conversion V (Volts) = 1500 DN/255. The CZT differential bias voltage is converted using V (Volts) = 0.405 DN.

The science data are decompressed, decoded, separated by functionality and written as time-ordered ASCII tables and binary time series. The raw histograms (CAT1, CAT2, and CAT9) are represented as 8 bit numbers which are decompressed and reported as 16 bit, unsigned integers.

RDR (Level 1B) Data Production Pipeline

The GRaND Reduced Data Records (RDR) are a time-ordered collection of corrected gamma ray and neutron counting data and calibrated pulse height spectra acquired by GRaND during Mars Gravity Assist (MGA). Similar products will be developed for science mapping at 4-Vesta and 1-Ceres and for data acquired during cruise. The RDR is a calibrated data product (Level 1B) that is derived from Experimental Data Records (EDR, Level 1A). The objective of the RDR is to provide counting rates and ancillary pointing and ephemeris data needed for mapping. The ancillary data includes the sub-satellite point, the distance and direction to body center, and the spacecraft velocity vector at Mars, which is needed to account for the motion of low energy (thermal and epithermal) neutrons relative to the spacecraft. In the current version of the data set, counting rates and fluxes corrected for altitude and spacecraft motion, which require knowledge of the instrument response, are not provided; however, future versions of the RDR, especially for Vesta and Ceres mapping will include counting rates corrected for solid angle and pointing as well as incident gamma ray and neutron fluxes.

Processing steps for the RDR data set include:

• Determination of the mid-point time of each science accumulation interval and the live time, accounting for roll-over of the dead-time counter;
• Construction of pulse height spectra from the gamma ray and neutron event data;
• Correction of pulse height spectra for ADC differential nonlinearity;
• Calibration and gain/offset correction of pulse height spectra to provide a consistent energy scale for the analysis of spectral features (e.g. peak identification and fitting);
• Analysis of spectra to determine the net areas (counting rates) of selected spectral features, including:
  • the ¹⁰B(n,α) peak area from the Category 1 (CAT1) spectrum for the +Z phoswich, which is sensitive to epithermal neutrons from the target body;
  • the ⁶Li(n,t) peak area from the +Z CAT1 phoswich, which is sensitive primarily to thermal neutrons from the target body;
  • the net areas of the 478 keV gamma ray full energy peaks for each of the four CAT2 BGO pulse height spectra, resulting from coincidences between 93 keV deposited in the four boron-loaded-plastic (BLP) scintillators by the ¹⁰B(n,α)⁷7Li*→ ⁷ Li + 478 keV):
    • Because the +Z and -Z BLP scintillators are shielded by Gd and lithiated glass, their CAT2 counting rates are sensitive to epithermal neutrons;
    • Because the side +Y and -Y scintillators are not shielded, their counting rates are sensitive to both thermal and epithermal neutrons.
  • the fast neutron counting rates for each of the boron-loaded plastic scintillators;
  • net counting rates for selected gamma rays.

The data set consists of ASCII tables, divided by functionality into four categories: ephemeris and pointing data EPX (where X denotes the target: X='X' for cruise, X='M' for Mars, X='V' for Vesta, and X='C' for Ceres); neutron counting rates (NCR); gamma ray counting rates (GCR), and the BGO pulse height spectrum (BGO). The fast neutron flux spectrum (with units of neutrons/cm2/s/MeV), which can be unfolded from the fast neutron pulse height spectrum given the response function, and CZT composite spectrum will be included in future releases.

3.3.3 Level 2 and Higher Data Production Pipeline

Higher order data products envisioned for GRaND are described by Prettyman et al. (2011).

3.5.1 Instrument Team Validation

The instrument team carries out a scientific analysis of the data and a technical analysis of the instrument performance to identify any issues that might affect the quality of the science data. The instrument team continuously improves the quality and content of the archived data to address mission science objectives. The team monitors telemetry and optimizes instrument settings to provide the highest quality scientific data.

3.5.2 Science Team Validation

A complete scientific validation of the data is taking place during the proprietary period as the GRaND science team performs a scientific analysis of the data and examines in detail the content of each data product.

3.6 Archive Schedule

       -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Table 7: GRaND Data Product Archive Schedule 
       -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Instrument    Data Product      Provider  Mars        Vesta         Ceres  
       -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                     Level 0           DSC       EDA         EDA           EOO  
                     ---------------------------------------------------------------
                     EDR - Level 1A    Inst      EDA + 3 m   EDA + 3 m     EDA + 1 m  
          GRaND      ---------------------------------------------------------------
                     RDR - Level 1B    Inst      D + 6 m     D + 5 m       EOO + 3 m  
                     ---------------------------------------------------------------
                     Derived Products  Inst      D + 12 m    D + 12 m      EOO + 5 m  
       -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
       
       m     - months 
       EDA   - End of data acquisition 
       EOO   - End of operations 
       D     - Asteroid departure                                               

5.5.1 Required Files

In the top level of the DATA directory there is an ASCII text file called DATAINFO.TXT that describes the data organization. Every file in the DATA path of an Archive Volume is described by a PDS label. Data files have internal (attached) PDS labels. Text documentation files have detached labels. Detached PDS label files have the same root name as the file they describe but have the suffix ".LBL".

5.5.2 DATA Directory Contents

The data directories are organized in the same way.

                                                 
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	  Table 13: DATA Directory Contents   
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    File Name       File Contents                                              File Provided By 
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    DATAINFO.TXT    A description of the contents of this directory            DSC

    (see section    Data files                                                 GRaND Team  
    5.5.3)
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                

5.5.3 File Naming Conventions

All data product files throughout different GRaND data sets will be named using the same file naming convention. The basic naming convention is as follows:

GRD-L1X-Y1M1D1-Y2M2D2_YCMCDC-TTTTTTT.EXT

where:

      X         ‘A’ or ‘B’ to indicate EDR or RDR, respectively. 
      
      Y1M1D1    SCET UTC date for first science data record  

      Y2M2D2    SCET UTC date for last science data record  

      YCMCDC    data product creation date 
      
      TTTTTTT   file type. For the EDR, possible values include the following: 
                STA = instrument state file (auxiliary)
                RDG = instrument readings file (auxiliary)
                SOH-SCL = state of health scaler data (auxiliary)
                SCI-SCL = science scaler data (auxiliary)
                BGO = time-ordered pulse height spectra acquired by BGO 
                EMG = gamma ray event data
                EMN = neutron event data
                PHOS_MZ = time-ordered CAT1 pulse height spectra (-Z phoswiches)
                PHOS_PZ = time-ordered CAT1 pulse height spectra (+Z phoswiches)
                BGO2_MY = time-ordered CAT2 BGO pulse height spectra for 
                coincidences with BGO and BLP –Y sensor
                BGO2_PY = time-ordered CAT2 BGO pulse height spectra for 
                coincidences with BGO and BLP +Y sensor
                BGO2_MZ = time-ordered CAT2 BGO pulse height spectra for 
                coincidences with BGO and BLP –Z sensor
                BGO2_PZ = time-ordered CAT2 BGO pulse height spectra for 
                coincidences with BGO and BLP +Z sensor
                BLP2_MY = time-ordered CAT2 BLP pulse height spectra for 
                coincidences with BGO and BLP –Y sensor
                BLP2_PY = time-ordered CAT2 BLP pulse height spectra for 
                coincidences with BGO and BLP +Y sensor
                BLP2_MZ = time-ordered CAT2 BLP pulse height spectra for 
                coincidences with BGO and BLP –Z sensor
                BLP2_PZ = time-ordered CAT2 BLP pulse height spectra for 
                coincidences with BGO and BLP +Z sensor

      EXT       file extension: TAB for ASCII files, DAT for binary files       

     1. File information
     2. Time information
     3. Data production information
     4. Mission description
     5. Instrument description
     6. Geometry information
     7. Dataset and product information
     8. Data object (table) description
     9. Data object structure description                                       

     PDS_VERSION_ID                 = PDS3
                                                                                

6.4.1 File information

The keywords listed in this group describe the format of the data.

     RECORD_TYPE                    = FIXED_LENGTH 
     RECORD_BYTES                   = 6176 
     FILE_RECORDS                   = 819 
     TABLE                          = 'GRD-L1A-090216-090217_110225-BGO.TAB' 
     PRODUCER_FULL_NAME             = "T. H. PRETTYMAN" 
     PRODUCER_INSTITUTION_NAME      = "PLANETARY SCIENCE INSTITUTE" 
     PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME          = 2011-02-25T00:46:38                       

RECORD_TYPE is the record format of the file; all GRaND data files will be using a fixed-length record format. RECORD_BYTES is the number of bytes in a record. FILE_RECORDS is the length of the data file in records number. PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME contains the date and time in which the PDS file was created. ^TABLE is a pointer to the data file.

6.4.2 Time information

The keywords listed in this group give the timing information.

     START_TIME                     = 2009-02-16T15:16 
     STOP_TIME                      = 2009-02-17T21:22 
     SPACECRAFT_CLOCK_START_COUNT   = "0288069434.000" 
     SPACECRAFT_CLOCK_STOP_COUNT    = "0288177826.000"                          

START_TIME and STOP_TIME give the corrected UTC spacecraft time of start and stop of observation; the second keyword must always be present even if the stop time is unknown or unavailable.

SPACECRAFT_CLOCK_START_COUNT and SPACECRAFT_CLOCK_STOP_COUNT store the spacecraft time in its original form on the TM packet header.

6.4.3 Data production information

The keywords listed in this group give data production software information.

     SOFTWARE_NAME                  = "GRD_L1A_PIPELINE" 
     SOFTWARE_VERSION_ID            = "Version 1.0"                             

SOFTWARE_NAME, and SOFTWARE_VERSION_ID identify the software used to write the labels and format the data (i.e., the EGSE software for calibration and flight raw data, processing software for derived products).

6.4.4 Mission description

The keywords listed in this group describe mission, mission phase, instrument type and so on.

     MISSION_NAME                   = "DAWN MISSION TO VESTA AND CERES"               
     MISSION_ID                     = "DAWN" 
     INSTRUMENT_HOST_NAME           = "DAWN" 
     INSTRUMENT_HOST_ID             = "DAWN"                                    

6.4.5 Instrument description

The keywords listed in this group describe the instrument.

     INSTRUMENT_ID                  = "GRAND" 
     INSTRUMENT_NAME                = "GAMMA RAY AND NEUTRON DETECTOR" 
                                                                                

6.4.6 Geometry information

The keywords listed in this group give the geometry information.

     MISSION_PHASE_NAME             = "MARS GRAVITY ASSIST (MGA)" 
     TARGET_NAME                    = "MARS" 
     TARGET_TYPE                    = "PLANET" 
     ORBIT_NUMBER                   =                                           

6.4.7 Dataset and product information

     DATA_SET_ID                    = "DAWN-M-GRAND-2-EDR-MARS-COUNTS-V1.0" 
     DATA_SET_NAME                  = "DAWN GRAND RAW (EDR) MARS FLYBY COUNTS V1.0" 
     PRODUCT_ID                     = "GRD-L1A-090216-090217_110225-BGO" 
     PRODUCT_TYPE                   = "DATA" 
     PRODUCT_VERSION_ID             = "1.0"                                     

PDS_VERSION_ID is the version number of the PDS standard document that is valid when a data product label is created.

The keyword PRODUCT_ID gives the actual name of the file containing the data.

6.4.8 Data Objects Definition

The PDS requires a separate data object definition within the product label for the TABLE object, to describe its structure and associated attributes. The object definition for a TABLE is in the form:

     OBJECT                         = TABLE  
       ROWS                         = 819  
       ROW_BYTES                    = 6176  
       INTERCHANGE_FORMAT           = ASCII  
       COLUMNS                      = 1026  
       ^STRUCTURE                   = "GRD_L1A-BGO.FMT"  
       DESCRIPTION                  =  
     END_OBJECT                     = TABLE  
                                                                                

ROWS, ROW_BYTES, and COLUMNS are the number of rows, and the fixed number of bytes per row, and columns (respectively) in the table. INTERCHANGE_FORMAT is the coding used in the archive file ('ASCII' or 'BINARY'). ^STRUCTURE is a pointer to an external file which contains record structure information. DESCRIPTION is a text description of the file (the value has been omitted from list of sample values above).

6.4.9 Data object structure information

     OBJECT                         = COLUMN 
     NAME                           = "SCET_UTC" 
     DATA_TYPE                      = TIME 
     UNIT                           = "N/A" 
     START_BYTE                     = 1
     BYTES                          = 19  
     FORMAT                         = "A19"  
     DESCRIPTION                    =  
     END_OBJECT                     = COLUMN                                    

DATA_TYPE describes the alphanumeric format of the column. UNIT is the SI unit (singular) of the column value. START_BYTE and BYTES give the location (from the beginning of the record), and width of the column. FORMAT is the FORTRAN format specification of the column.

A.2.1. Instrument State Format File

The instrument state file contains the instrument settings, including the mode, power supply states, high voltage settings, the data accumulation interval, and coincidence windows. The format file for the instrument state file is named 'GRD_L1A-STATE.FMT'.

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 1
  BYTES                       = 19
  FORMAT                      = "A19"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) determined from the packet's SCLK
     value. The time format is yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "STATE_INDEX"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 20
  BYTES                       = 5
  FORMAT                      = "I5"                                                            
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 9999
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     The state index is a counter that starts at 0 and increments every
     time the state changes.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "DELTA_SCLK"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 25
  BYTES                       = 8
  FORMAT                      = "I8"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 9999
  MISSING_CONSTANT            = -999
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     The number of SCLK ticks (seconds) that the instrument was in the
     state. When only one state is present, then the duration is unknown.
     The last state for a file with multiple states has an unknown
     duration. These states are assigned the MISSING_CONSTANT.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "SCLK"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 33
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "I11"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 4294967295
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Spacecraft clock count at the start of the SOH interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "TELREADOUT"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 44
  BYTES                       = 6
  FORMAT                      = "I6"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 15
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 2000
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Measurement interval for the science data.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "TELSOH"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 50
  BYTES                       = 6
  FORMAT                      = "I6"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 2
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 2000
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Measurement interval for the state-of-health readout.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "MODE"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 56
  BYTES                       = 2
  FORMAT                      = "I2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Instrument mode (0=Standby, 1=Normal, 2=Anneal)
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "HVPS1_SET"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "VOLTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 58
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Set point for high voltage power supply (HVPS) 1, which supplies the
     photomultiplier tube for the +Z phoswich.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "HVPS1"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 67
  BYTES                       = 2
  FORMAT                      = "I2"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 1
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     If 1, then HVPS1 is enabled.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "HVPS2_SET"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "VOLTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 69
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Set point for high voltage power supply (HVPS) 2, which supplies the
     photomultiplier tube for the -Z phoswich.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "HVPS2"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 78
  BYTES                       = 2
  FORMAT                      = "I2"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 1
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     If 1, then HVPS2 is enabled.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "HVPS3_SET"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "VOLTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 80
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Set point for high voltage power supply (HVPS) 3, which supplies the
     photomultiplier tube for the -Y boron-loaded plastic scintillator.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "HVPS3"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 89
  BYTES                       = 2
  FORMAT                      = "I2"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 1
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     If 1, then HVPS3 is enabled.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "HVPS4_SET"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "VOLTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 91
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Set point for high voltage power supply (HVPS) 4, which supplies the
     photomultiplier tube for the +Y boron-loaded plastic scintillator.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "HVPS4"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 100
  BYTES                       = 2
  FORMAT                      = "I2"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 1
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     If 1, then HVPS4 is enabled.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "HVPS5_SET"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "VOLTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 102
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Set point for high voltage power supply (HVPS) 5, which supplies the
     photomultiplier tube for the BGO scintillator.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "HVPS5"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 111
  BYTES                       = 2
  FORMAT                      = "I2"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 1
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     If 1, then HVPS5 is enabled.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "HVPS6_SET"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "VOLTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 113
      BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Set point for high voltage power supply (HVPS) 6, which provides the bulk
     bias for the CZT array.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "HVPS6"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 122
  BYTES                       = 2
  FORMAT                      = "I2"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 1
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     If 1, then HVPS6 is enabled.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "PM5_LVPS"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 124
  BYTES                       = 2
  FORMAT                      = "I2"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 1
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     If 1, the analog +/-5V low voltage power supply is enabled. The supply
     provides power for analog and digital components, including the
     scintillator pulse processing electronics and internal sensors
     (temperature and voltage).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "P12_LVPS"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 126
  BYTES                       = 2
  FORMAT                      = "I2"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 1
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     If 1, the +12V low power supply is enabled, which supplies the high
     voltage power supplies (if MODE=1) and the resistive heaters (if MODE=2)
     used to anneal the CZT array.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "CZT_PM5_LVPS"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 128
  BYTES                       = 2
  FORMAT                      = "I2"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 1
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     If 1, the +/-5V supply for the CZT analog pulse processing circuits
     is enabled.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "CZT_ENABLES"
  DATA_TYPE                   = CHARACTER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 130
  BYTES                       = 17
  FORMAT                      = "A17"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Bit pattern indicating the state (1=disabled, 0=enabled) of each of the
     16 CZT sensors, represented as a character string. For readability,
     the first character is blank. The remaining characters represent bits,
     read right to left, which give the state of the 16 sensors in order from
     0-15. For example, the pattern 1111111111111110 indicates that all of
     the CZT sensors are disabled except for sensor 0. The pattern
     0010000000000010 indicates that two of the sensors (1 and 13) are
     disabled.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "NEMG_TOT_EVTS"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 147
  BYTES                       = 5
  FORMAT                      = "I5"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 6676
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Total number of gamma ray events recorded in the science data file. Note
     that NEMG_TOT_EVTS + NEMN_TOT_EVTS is always less than or equal to
     6676.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "NEMG_CZT_EVTS"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 152
  BYTES                       = 5
  FORMAT                      = "I5"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 6676
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     The number of CZT single interaction (CAT10) events recorded in the
     event buffer. This value is always less than NEMG_TOT_EVTS.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "NEMN_TOT_EVTS"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 157
  BYTES                       = 5
  FORMAT                      = "I5"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 6676
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Total number of neutron events recorded in the science data file. Note
     that NEMG_TOT_EVTS + NEMN_TOT_EVTS is always less than or equal to
     6676.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "L_BGO_CW"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 162
  BYTES                       = 5
  FORMAT                      = "I5"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 1023
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Lower channel (output of the BGO ADC)for the CAT2 coincidence window
     for the BGO sensor.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "H_BGO_CW"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 167
  BYTES                       = 5
  FORMAT                      = "I5"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 1023
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Upper channel (output of the BGO ADC)for the CAT2 coincidence window
     for the BGO sensor.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "L_BGO_ROI"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 172
  BYTES                       = 5
  FORMAT                      = "I5"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 1023
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Lower channel (output of the BGO ADC)for the CAT2 region of interest
     (ROI) for the BGO spectrum. Note that H_BGO_ROI - L_BGO_ROI = 64.
     The window gives range of channels for the CAT2 BGO pulse height spectra.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "H_BGO_ROI"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 177
  BYTES                       = 5
  FORMAT                      = "I5"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 1023
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Upper channel (output of the BGO ADC)for the CAT2 region of interest
     (ROI) for the BGO spectrum. Note that H_BGO_ROI - L_BGO_ROI = 64.
     The window gives range of channels for the CAT2 BGO pulse height spectra.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "L_BLP_MY_CW"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 182
  BYTES                       = 4
  FORMAT                      = "I4"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 255
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Lower channel (output of the BLP ADC)for the CAT2 coincidence window
     for the -Y BLP sensor.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "H_BLP_MY_CW"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 186
  BYTES                       = 4
  FORMAT                      = "I4"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 255
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Upper channel (output of the BLP ADC)for the CAT2 coincidence window
     for the -Y BLP sensor.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "L_BLP_MY_ROI"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 190
  BYTES                       = 4
  FORMAT                      = "I4"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 255
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Lower channel (output of the BLP ADC)for the CAT2 region of interest
     (ROI) for BLP -Y. Note that H_BLP_MY_ROI - L_BLP_MY_ROI = 64. The window
     gives the range of channels for the CAT2 BLP -Y pulse height spectra.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "H_BLP_MY_ROI"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 194
  BYTES                       = 4
  FORMAT                      = "I4"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 255
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Upper channel (output of the BGO ADC)for the CAT2 region of interest
     (ROI) for BLP -Y. Note that H_BLP_MY_ROI - L_BLP_MY_ROI = 64. The window
     gives range of channels for the CAT2 BLP -Y pulse height spectra.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "L_BLP_PY_CW"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 198
  BYTES                       = 4
  FORMAT                      = "I4"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 255
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Lower channel (output of the BLP ADC)for the CAT2 coincidence window
     for the +Y BLP sensor.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "H_BLP_PY_CW"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 202
  BYTES                       = 4
  FORMAT                      = "I4"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 255
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Upper channel (output of the BLP ADC)for the CAT2 coincidence window
     for the +Y BLP sensor.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "L_BLP_PY_ROI"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 206
  BYTES                       = 4
  FORMAT                      = "I4"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 255
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Lower channel (output of the BLP ADC)for the CAT2 region of interest
     (ROI) for BLP +Y. Note that H_BLP_PY_ROI - L_BLP_PY_ROI = 64. The window
     gives the range of channels for the CAT2 BLP +Y pulse height spectra.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "H_BLP_PY_ROI"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 210
  BYTES                       = 4
  FORMAT                      = "I4"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 255
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Upper channel (output of the BGO ADC)for the CAT2 region of interest
     (ROI) for BLP +Y. Note that H_BLP_PY_ROI - L_BLP_PY_ROI = 64. The window
     gives range of channels for the CAT2 BLP +Y pulse height spectra.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "L_BLP_MZ_CW"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 214
  BYTES                       = 4
  FORMAT                      = "I4"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 255
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Lower channel (output of the BLP ADC)for the CAT2 coincidence window
     for the -Z BLP sensor.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "H_BLP_MZ_CW"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 218
  BYTES                       = 4
  FORMAT                      = "I4"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 255
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Upper channel (output of the BLP ADC)for the CAT2 coincidence window
     for the -Z BLP sensor.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "L_BLP_MZ_ROI"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 222
  BYTES                       = 4
  FORMAT                      = "I4"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 255
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Lower channel (output of the BLP ADC)for the CAT2 region of interest
     (ROI) for BLP -Z. Note that H_BLP_MZ_ROI - L_BLP_MZ_ROI = 64. The window
     gives the range of channels for the CAT2 BLP -Z pulse height spectra.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "H_BLP_MZ_ROI"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 226
  BYTES                       = 4
  FORMAT                      = "I4"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 255
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Upper channel (output of the BGO ADC)for the CAT2 region of interest
     (ROI) for BLP -Z. Note that H_BLP_MZ_ROI - L_BLP_MZ_ROI = 64. The window
     gives range of channels for the CAT2 BLP -Z pulse height spectra.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "L_BLP_PZ_CW"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 230
  BYTES                       = 4
  FORMAT                      = "I4"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 255
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Lower channel (output of the BLP ADC)for the CAT2 coincidence window
     for the +Z BLP sensor.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "H_BLP_PZ_CW"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 234
  BYTES                       = 4
  FORMAT                      = "I4"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 255
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Upper channel (output of the BLP ADC)for the CAT2 coincidence window
     for the +Z BLP sensor.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "L_BLP_PZ_ROI"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 238
  BYTES                       = 4
  FORMAT                      = "I4"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 255
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Lower channel (output of the BLP ADC)for the CAT2 region of interest
     (ROI) for BLP +Z. Note that H_BLP_PZ_ROI - L_BLP_PZ_ROI = 64. The window
     gives the range of channels for the CAT2 BLP +Z pulse height spectra.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "H_BLP_PZ_ROI"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 242
  BYTES                       = 4
  FORMAT                      = "I4"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 255
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Upper channel (output of the BGO ADC)for the CAT2 region of interest
     (ROI) for BLP +Z. Note that H_BLP_PZ_ROI - L_BLP_PZ_ROI = 64. The window
     gives range of channels for the CAT2 BLP +Z pulse height spectra.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN                                          

A.2.2. Instrument Readings Format File

This file contains a time-ordered list of temperature and voltage readings averaged over each state-of-health accumulation interval (TELSOH), converted to physical units. The format file for the instrument readings file is named 'GRD_L1A-READINGS.FMT'.

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        = "SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 1
  BYTES                       = 19
  FORMAT                      = "A19"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) determined from the packet's SCLK
      value. The time format is yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCLK"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 20
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "I11"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 4294967295
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Spacecraft clock count at the start of the SOH interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="V_HVPS1"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "VOLTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 31
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Reading for high voltage power supply (HVPS) 1, which supplies the
      photomultiplier tube for the +Z phoswich.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="V_HVPS2"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "VOLTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 40
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Reading for high voltage power supply (HVPS) 2, which supplies the
      photomultiplier tube for the -Z phoswich.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="V_HVPS3"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "VOLTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 49
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Reading for high voltage power supply (HVPS) 3, which supplies the
      photomultiplier tube for the -Y boron-loaded plastic scintillator.
"
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="V_HVPS4"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "VOLTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 58
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Reading for high voltage power supply (HVPS) 4, which supplies the
      photomultiplier tube for the +Y boron-loaded plastic scintillator.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="V_HVPS5"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "VOLTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 67
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Reading for high voltage power supply (HVPS) 5, which supplies the
      photomultiplier tube for the BGO scintillator.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="V_HVPS6"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "VOLTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 76
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Reading for high voltage power supply (HVPS) 6, which provides the bulk
      bias for the CZT array.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="V_CZT70"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "VOLTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 85
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Reading for the differential bias supply for the CZT array.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="T_CZT1"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "CELSIUS"
  START_BYTE                  = 94
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Temperature sensor 1 for the CZT array.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="T_CZT2"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "CELSIUS"
  START_BYTE                  = 103
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Temperature sensor 2 for the CZT array.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="T_CZT3"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "CELSIUS"
  START_BYTE                  = 112
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Temperature sensor 3 for the CZT array.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="T_CZT4"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "CELSIUS"
  START_BYTE                  = 121
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Temperature sensor 4 for the CZT array.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="T_LVPS"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "CELSIUS"
  START_BYTE                  = 130
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Temperature sensor for the low voltage power supply.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="T_HVPS"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "CELSIUS"
  START_BYTE                  = 139
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Temperature sensor for the high voltage power supply.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="T_BGO"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "CELSIUS"
  START_BYTE                  = 148
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Temperature sensor for the BGO crystal (representative of the bulk
      scintillator temperature).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="T_PMT"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "CELSIUS"
  START_BYTE                  = 157
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Temperature sensor for the photomultiplier tube assembly.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="T_INTERFACE"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "CELSIUS"
  START_BYTE                  = 166
  BYTES                       = 9
  FORMAT                      = "F9.2"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Temperature sensor for the interface.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN
                                                                                

A.2.3. Science and State of Health Scaler Data Format File

This file contains a time-ordered list of the scaler data recorded in either the science, or state-ofhealth telemetry. The format file is named 'GRD_L1A-SCI-SCALER.FMT'.

 OBJECT                 = COLUMN
  NAME                  = "SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE             = TIME
  UNIT                  = "N/A"
  START_BYTE            = 1
  BYTES                 = 19
  FORMAT                = "A19"
  DESCRIPTION           = "                                                   
     The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) at the end of the science 
     accumlation interval, determined from the packet's SCLK 
     value.  The time format is yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc.
  "
 END_OBJECT             = COLUMN
 
 OBJECT                 = COLUMN
  NAME                  = "SCLK"
  DATA_TYPE             = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                  = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE            = 20
  BYTES                 = 11
  FORMAT                = "I11"
  VALID_MAXIMUM         = 4294967295
  DESCRIPTION           = "                                                   
     Spacecraft clock count at the end of the science accumulation interval.
  "
 END_OBJECT             = COLUMN

 OBJECT                 = COLUMN
  NAME                  = "PSC_SCI"
  DATA_TYPE             = "N/A"
  START_BYTE            = 31
  BYTES                 = 6
  FORMAT                = "I6"
  VALID_MAXIMUM         = 65535
  DESCRIPTION           = "                                                   
     Packet sequence counter (PSC_SCI) from the science telemetry.  
     The PSC for the first packet of each science data record 
     is provided.  The counter rolls over at 65535.
  "
 END_OBJECT             = COLUMN

 OBJECT                 = COLUMN
  NAME                  = "SCALER_SCI"
  DATA_TYPE             = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                  = "COUNTS"
  START_BYTE            = 37
  BYTES                 = 138
  ITEMS                 = 23
  ITEM_BYTES            = 6
  FORMAT                = "I6"
  VALID_MAXIMUM         = 65535
  DESCRIPTION           = "                                                   
     Scaler data from the APID190 science data file (23 scalers defined in
     the Level1a dataset catalog file).
  "
 END_OBJECT             = COLUMN
                                                                                

A.2.4. State of Health Scaler Format File

This file contains a time-ordered list of the scaler data recorded in the state-of-health telemetry. The format file is named 'GRD_L1A-SOH-SCALER.FMT'.

 OBJECT                 = COLUMN
  NAME                  = "SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE             = TIME
  UNIT                  = "N/A"
  START_BYTE            = 1
  BYTES                 = 19
  FORMAT                = "A19"
  DESCRIPTION           = "                                                   
     The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) determined from the packet's SCLK 
     value.  The time format is yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc.
  "
 END_OBJECT             = COLUMN
 
 OBJECT                 = COLUMN
  NAME                  = "SCLK"
  DATA_TYPE             = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                  = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE            = 20
  BYTES                 = 11
  FORMAT                = "I11"
  VALID_MAXIMUM         = 4294967295
  DESCRIPTION           = "                                                   
     The last spacecraft clock count received by GRaND from the spacecraft.  
     A timestamp command is sent by the spacecraft every 60s.
  "
 END_OBJECT             = COLUMN

 OBJECT                 = COLUMN
  NAME                  = "PSC_SOH"
  DATA_TYPE             = "N/A"
  START_BYTE            = 31
  BYTES                 = 6
  FORMAT                = "I6"
  VALID_MAXIMUM         = 65535
  DESCRIPTION           = "                                                   
     Packet sequence counter (PSC_SOH) from the state-of-health telemetry.  
     The counter rolls over at 65535.
  "
 END_OBJECT             = COLUMN

 OBJECT                 = COLUMN
  NAME                  = "SCALER_SOH"
  DATA_TYPE             = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                  = "COUNTS"
  START_BYTE            = 37
  BYTES                 = 138
  ITEMS                 = 23
  ITEM_BYTES            = 6
  FORMAT                = "I6"
  VALID_MAXIMUM         = 65535
  DESCRIPTION           = "                                                   
     Scaler data from the APID191 state-of-health telemetry file (23 scalers 
     defined in the Level1a dataset catalog file).
  "
 END_OBJECT             = COLUMN
                                                                                

A.2.5. BGO Pulse Height Spectra Format File

This file contains a time-ordered list of pulse height spectra (1024 channels with units of uncorrected counts/channel) acquired by the BGO sensor. This format file is named 'GRD_L1A-BGO.FMT'.

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 1
  BYTES                       = 19
  FORMAT                      = "A19"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) determined from the SCLK value for
      the first packet in the science data record. The time format is
      yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCLK"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 20
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "I11"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 4294967295
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Spacecraft clock count recorded in the first packet of the science
      data record, indicating the starting time for the collection
      interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="BGO_HIST"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 31
  BYTES                       = 6144
  ITEMS                       = 1024
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 6
  FORMAT                      = "I6"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 65535
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      BGO pulse height histogram (1024 channels).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN                                                             

A.2.6. Gamma Ray Event Format File

This file contains gamma ray event data as a binary time series. This format file is named 'GRD_L1A-GAMMA_EVENTS.FMT'.

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 1
  BYTES                       = 20
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) determined from the SCLK value for
      the first packet in the science data record. The time format is
      yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc, including a trailing blank.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCLK"
  DATA_TYPE                   = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 21
  BYTES                       = 4
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Spacecraft clock count recorded in the first packet of the science
      data record, indicating the starting time for the collection
      interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCALER_SCI"
  DATA_TYPE                   = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 25
  BYTES                       = 92
  ITEMS                       = 23
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 4
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Scaler data recorded in the science record (23 scalers) described in
      the dataset catalog.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="ID_CZT"
  DATA_TYPE                   = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 117
  BYTES                       = 3876
  ITEMS                       = 3876
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 1
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 15
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Vector of 3876 gamma events: CZT sensor indices (0-15) for each event.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="CH_CZT"
  DATA_TYPE                   = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 3993
  BYTES                       = 7752
  ITEMS                       = 3876
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 1
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 2047
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Vector of 3876 gamma events: CZT pulse height (0-2047) for each event.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="CH_BGO"
  DATA_TYPE                   = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 11745
  BYTES                       = 7752
  ITEMS                       = 3876
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 1
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 511
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Vector of 3876 gamma events: BGO pulse height (0-511) for each event.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN
                                                                                

A.2.7. CAT1 Pulse Height Spectra for -Z Phoswich Format File

These files contain time ordered lists of the 256-channel CAT1 pulse height spectra for the -Z phoswich. This format file is named 'GRD_L1A-PHOS_MZ.FMT'.

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 1
  BYTES                       = 19
  FORMAT                      = "A19"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) determined from the SCLK value for
      the first packet in the science data record. The time format is
      yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCLK"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 20
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "I11"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 4294967295
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Spacecraft clock count recorded in the first packet of the science
      data record, indicating the starting time for the collection
      interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="PHOS_MZ"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 31
  BYTES                       = 1536
  ITEMS                       = 256
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 6
  FORMAT                      = "I6"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 65535
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      -Z phoswich pulse height histogram (256 channels).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN
                                                                                

A.2.8. CAT1 Pulse Height Spectra for +Z Phoswich Format File

These files contain time ordered lists of the 256-channel CAT1 pulse height spectra for the +Z phoswich. This format file is named 'GRD_L1A-PHOS_PZ.FMT'.

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 1
  BYTES                       = 19
  FORMAT                      = "A19"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) determined from the SCLK value for
      the first packet in the science data record. The time format is
      yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCLK"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 20
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "I11"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 4294967295
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Spacecraft clock count recorded in the first packet of the science
      data record, indicating the starting time for the collection
      interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="PHOS_PZ"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 31
  BYTES                       = 1536
  ITEMS                       = 256
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 6
  FORMAT                      = "I6"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 65535
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      +Z phoswich pulse height histogram (256 channels).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN
                                                                                

A.2.9. CAT2 BGO Pulse Height Spectra for BGO and -Z BLP Coincidences Format File

These files contain time ordered lists of the 64-channel CAT2 BGO pulse height spectra for coincidences with the BGO and the -Z BLP sensors. This format file is named 'GRD_L1A-BGO2_MZ.FMT'.

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 1
  BYTES                       = 19
  FORMAT                      = "A19"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) determined from the SCLK value for
      the first packet in the science data record. The time format is
      yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCLK"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 20
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "I11"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 4294967295
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Spacecraft clock count recorded in the first packet of the science
      data record, indicating the starting time for the collection
      interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="BGO2_MZ"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 31
  BYTES                       = 384
  ITEMS                       = 64
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 6
  FORMAT                      = "I6"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 65535
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      BGO pulse height histogram (64 channels) for coincidence events between
      the -Z BLP and BGO scintillators (CAT2).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN
                                                                                

A.2.10. CAT2 BGO Pulse Height Spectra for BGO and +Z BLP Coincidences Format File

These files contain time ordered lists of the 64-channel CAT2 BGO pulse height spectra for coincidences with the BGO and the +Z BLP sensors. This format file is named 'GRD_L1A-BGO2_PZ.FMT'.

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 1
  BYTES                       = 19
  FORMAT                      = "A19"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) determined from the SCLK value for
      the first packet in the science data record. The time format is
      yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCLK"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 20
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "I11"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 4294967295
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Spacecraft clock count recorded in the first packet of the science
      data record, indicating the starting time for the collection
      interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="BGO2_PZ"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 31
  BYTES                       = 384
  ITEMS                       = 64
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 6
  FORMAT                      = "I6"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 65535
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      BGO pulse height histogram (64 channels) for coincidence events between
      the +Z BLP and BGO scintillators (CAT2).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN
                                                                                

A.2.11. CAT2 BGO Pulse Height Spectra for BGO and -Y BLP Coincidences Format File

These files contain time ordered lists of the 64-channel CAT2 BGO pulse height spectra for coincidences with the BGO and the -Y BLP sensors. This format file is named 'GRD_L1A-BGO2_MY.FMT'.

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 1
  BYTES                       = 19
  FORMAT                      = "A19"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) determined from the SCLK value for
      the first packet in the science data record. The time format is
      yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCLK"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 20
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "I11"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 4294967295
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Spacecraft clock count recorded in the first packet of the science
      data record, indicating the starting time for the collection
      interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="BGO2_MY"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 31
  BYTES                       = 384
  ITEMS                       = 64
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 6
  FORMAT                      = "I6"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 65535
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      BGO pulse height histogram (64 channels) for coincidence events between
      the -Y BLP and BGO scintillators (CAT2).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN                                                             

A.2.12. CAT2 BGO Pulse Height Spectra for BGO and +Y BLP Coincidences Format File

These files contain time ordered lists of the 64-channel CAT2 BGO pulse height spectra for coincidences with the BGO and the +Y BLP sensors. This format file is named 'GRD_L1A-BGO2_PY.FMT'.

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 1
  BYTES                       = 19
  FORMAT                      = "A19"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) determined from the SCLK value for
      the first packet in the science data record. The time format is
      yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCLK"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 20
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "I11"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 4294967295
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Spacecraft clock count recorded in the first packet of the science
      data record, indicating the starting time for the collection
      interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="BGO2_PY"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 31
  BYTES                       = 384
  ITEMS                       = 64
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 6
  FORMAT                      = "I6"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 65535
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      BGO pulse height histogram (64 channels) for coincidence events between
      the +Y BLP and BGO scintillators (CAT2).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN                                          

A.2.13. CAT2 BLP Pulse Height Spectra for BGO and -Z BLP Coincidences Format File

These files contain time ordered lists of the 64-channel CAT2 BLP pulse height spectra for coincidences with the BGO and the -Z BLP sensor. This format file is named 'GRD_L1A-BLP2_MZ.FMT'.

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 1
  BYTES                       = 19
  FORMAT                      = "A19"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) determined from the SCLK value for
      the first packet in the science data record. The time format is
      yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCLK"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 20
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "I11"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 4294967295
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Spacecraft clock count recorded in the first packet of the science
      data record, indicating the starting time for the collection
      interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="BLP2_MZ"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 31
  BYTES                       = 384
  ITEMS                       = 64
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 6
  FORMAT                      = "I6"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 65535
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      BLP pulse height histogram (64 channels) for coincidence events between
      the -Z BLP and BGO scintillators (CAT2).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN                                          

A.2.14. CAT2 BLP Pulse Height Spectra for BGO and +Z BLP Coincidences Format File

These files contain time ordered lists of the 64-channel CAT2 BLP pulse height spectra for coincidences with the BGO and the +Z BLP sensor. This format file is named 'GRD_L1A-BLP2_PZ.FMT'.

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 1
  BYTES                       = 19
  FORMAT                      = "A19"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) determined from the SCLK value for
      the first packet in the science data record. The time format is
      yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCLK"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 20
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "I11"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 4294967295
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Spacecraft clock count recorded in the first packet of the science
      data record, indicating the starting time for the collection
      interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="BLP2_PZ"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 31
  BYTES                       = 384
  ITEMS                       = 64
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 6
  FORMAT                      = "I6"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 65535
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      BLP pulse height histogram (64 channels) for coincidence events between
      the +Z BLP and BGO scintillators (CAT2).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN
                                                                                

A.2.15. CAT2 BLP Pulse Height Spectra for BGO and -Y BLP Coincidences Format File

These files contain time ordered lists of the 64-channel CAT2 BLP pulse height spectra for coincidences with the BGO and the -Y BLP sensor. This format file is named 'GRD_L1A-BLP2_MY.FMT'.

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 1
  BYTES                       = 19
  FORMAT                      = "A19"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) determined from the SCLK value for
      the first packet in the science data record. The time format is
      yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCLK"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 20
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "I11"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 4294967295
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Spacecraft clock count recorded in the first packet of the science
      data record, indicating the starting time for the collection
      interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="BLP2_MY"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 31
  BYTES                       = 384
  ITEMS                       = 64
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 6
  FORMAT                      = "I6"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 65535
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      BLP pulse height histogram (64 channels) for coincidence events between
      the -Y BLP and BGO scintillators (CAT2).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN
                                                                                

A.2.16. CAT2 BLP Pulse Height Spectra for BGO and +Y BLP Coincidences Format File

These files contain time ordered lists of the 64-channel CAT2 BLP pulse height spectra for coincidences with the BGO and the +Y BLP sensor. This format file is named 'GRD_L1A-BLP2_PY.FMT'.

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 1
  BYTES                       = 19
  FORMAT                      = "A19"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) determined from the SCLK value for
      the first packet in the science data record. The time format is
      yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCLK"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 20
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "I11"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 4294967295
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Spacecraft clock count recorded in the first packet of the science
      data record, indicating the starting time for the collection
      interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="BLP2_PY"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 31
  BYTES                       = 384
  ITEMS                       = 64
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 6
  FORMAT                      = "I6"
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 65535
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      BLP pulse height histogram (64 channels) for coincidence events between
      the +Y BLP and BGO scintillators (CAT2).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN
                                                                                

A.2.17. Neutron Event Format File

This file contains the neutron event data as a binary time series. This format file is named 'GRD_L1A-NEUTRON_EVENTS.FMT'.

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 1
  BYTES                       = 20
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) determined from the SCLK value for
      the first packet in the science data record. The time format is
      yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc, including a trailing blank.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCLK"
  DATA_TYPE                   = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 21
  BYTES                       = 4
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Spacecraft clock count recorded in the first packet of the science
      data record, indicating the starting time for the collection
      interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCALER_SCI"
  DATA_TYPE                   = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS"
  START_BYTE                  = 25
  BYTES                       = 92
  ITEMS                       = 23
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 4
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Scaler data recorded in the science record (23 scalers) described in
      the dataset catalog.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="ID_FIRST"
  DATA_TYPE                   = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 117
  BYTES                       = 2800
  ITEMS                       = 2800
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 1
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Vector of 2800 neutron events: Scintillator index for the first pulse
      (0=+Z phoswich; 1=-Y BLP; 2=+Y BLP; 3=-Z phoswich).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="CH_FIRST"
  DATA_TYPE                   = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 2917
  BYTES                       = 2800
  ITEMS                       = 2800
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 1
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 255
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Vector of 2800 neutron events: Height of the first pulse (0-255).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="ID_SECOND"
  DATA_TYPE                   = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 5717
  BYTES                       = 2800
  ITEMS                       = 2800
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 1
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Vector of 2800 neutron events: Scintillator index for the second pulse
      (0=+Z phoswich; 1=-Y BLP; 2=+Y BLP; 3=-Z phoswich).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="CH_SECOND"
  DATA_TYPE                   = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "N/A"
  START_BYTE                  = 8517
  BYTES                       = 2800
  ITEMS                       = 2800
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 1
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 255
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Vector of 2800 neutron events: Height of the second pulse (0-255).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="TTSP"
  DATA_TYPE                   = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = NANOSECONDS
  SCALING_FACTOR              = 100
  START_BYTE                  = 11317
  BYTES                       = 2800
  ITEMS                       = 2800
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 1
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 255
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Vector of 2800 neutron events: Time between the first and second pulse
      (0-255), with units of 100 nanoseconds/data number.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN
                                                                                

A.4.1 Ephemeris and Pointing Format File

These files contain a time series of ephemeris and pointing data, including the total livetime, the distance and direction to body center, the velocity of the spacecraft rotated into the reference frame of the instrument, the subsatellite position and altitude, and the fractional solid angle subtended by the body at the spacecraft. In addition, the average counting rate for the 'coincidence of three or more sensors' scaler (SCALER_SCI[15]) is provided as an indicator of the interaction rate of galactic cosmic rays. This format file is named 'GRD_L1B-EPM.FMT'.

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 1
  NAME                        ="SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  START_BYTE                  = 1
  BYTES                       = 19
  FORMAT                      = "A19"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) at the middle of each time
      interval in the series. The time format is yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 2
  NAME                        ="ET"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 20
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "I11"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Epoch time at the middle of each time interval in the series.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 3
  NAME                        ="SERIES_TYPE"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  START_BYTE                  = 31
  BYTES                       = 2
  FORMAT                      = "I2"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 1
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Type of time series:
      SERIES_TYPE=0 is a Central Moving Average (CMA)
      SERIES_TYPE=1 is a Decimated Time Series (DTS)
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 4
  NAME                        ="WINDOW_WIDTH"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  START_BYTE                  = 33
  BYTES                       = 6
  FORMAT                      = "I6"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Number of science data records used to determine average counting rates
      that comprise the time series.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 5
  NAME                        ="TRUE_TIME"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 39
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "I11"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Product of thw WINDOW_WIDTH and the science data record accumulation time
      (TELREADOUT). Gives the total accumulation time of the records used to
      determine the average counting rates.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 6
  NAME                        ="LIVE_TIME"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  UNIT                        = "SECONDS"
  START_BYTE                  = 50
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "F11.1"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The total live time for the science data records used to determine the
      average counting rates. The live time is given by the true time minus
      the dead time, which is the amount of time the counting system was
      busy and unable to process interactions with the sensors. Counting rates
      are determined by dividing the measured counts by the live time.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 7
  NAME                        ="DISTANCE_MARS_CENTER"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "KM"
  START_BYTE                  = 61
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "F11.1"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Distance from the spacecraft to the center of Mars determined at the
      middle of the time interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 8
  NAME                        ="DIRECTION_MARS_CENTER_X"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  START_BYTE                  = 72
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "F11.5"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 1
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The cosine of the angle of the direction to Mars center relative to the
      X-axis of the instrument coordinate system determined at the middle of
      the time interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 9
  NAME                        ="DIRECTION_MARS_CENTER_Y"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  START_BYTE                  = 83
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "F11.5"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 1
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The cosine of the angle of the direction to Mars center relative to the
      Y-axis of the instrument coordinate system determined at the middle of
      the time interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 10
  NAME                        ="DIRECTION_MARS_CENTER_Z"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  START_BYTE                  = 94
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "F11.5"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 1
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The cosine of the angle of the direction to Mars center relative to the
      Z-axis of the instrument coordinate system determined at the middle of
      the time interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 11
  NAME                        ="VELOCITY_X"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "KM/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 105
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "F11.3"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      X-component of the velocity of the spacecraft relative to Mars rotated
      into the spacecraft coordinate system determined at the middle of the
      time interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 12
  NAME                        ="VELOCITY_Y"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "KM/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 116
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "F11.3"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Y-component of the velocity of the spacecraft relative to Mars rotated
      into the spacecraft coordinate system determined at the middle of the
      time interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 13
  NAME                        ="VELOCITY_Z"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "KM/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 127
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "F11.3"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Z-component of the velocity of the spacecraft relative to Mars rotated
      into the spacecraft coordinate system determined at the middle of the
      time interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 14
  NAME                        ="LON"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "DEGREES"
  START_BYTE                  = 138
  BYTES                       = 7
  FORMAT                      = "F7.1"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = -180
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 180
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Longitude of the sub-spacecraft point. East longitude convention is used.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 15
  NAME                        ="LAT"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "DEGREES"
  START_BYTE                  = 145
  BYTES                       = 6
  FORMAT                      = "F6.1"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = -90
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 90
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
     Latitude of the sub-spacecraft point.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 16
  NAME                        ="ALTITUDE"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "KM"
  START_BYTE                  = 151
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "F11.1"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Altitude of the spacecraft determined at the middle of the time
      interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 17
  NAME                        ="FRACTIONAL_SOLID_ANGLE"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  START_BYTE                  = 162
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "F11.4"
  VALID_MINIMUM               = 0
  VALID_MAXIMUM               = 1
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Fractional solid angle subtended by Mars at the spacecraft determined
      at the middle of the time interval.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 18
  NAME                        ="GCR_MONITOR"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 173
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "F11.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Average counting rate for the 'greater than 3 interactions' scaler, used
      to monitor the flux of galactic cosmic rays.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 19
  NAME                        ="GCR_MONITOR_SIGMA"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 184
  BYTES                       = 11
  FORMAT                      = "F11.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Estimated uncertainty in GCR_MONITOR (1-sigma).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN
                                                                                

A.4.2 Neutron Counting Rates Format File

These files contain a time series of neutron counting rates determined from CAT1, CAT2, and CAT4 pulse height spectra. This format file is named 'GRD_L1B-NCR.FMT'.

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 1
  NAME                        ="SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  START_BYTE                  = 1
  BYTES                       = 19
  FORMAT                      = "A19"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) at the middle of each time
      interval in the series. The time format is yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 2
  NAME                        ="CAT1_PZ_BLP"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 20
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Net area of the 93 keVeq peak in the CAT1 spectrum from the 10B(n,alpha)
      reaction for the +Z phoswich. Because the scintillator is shielded
      by Gd and Li-glass, CAT1_PZ_BLP is due primarily to neutrons in
      the epithermal energy range (between 0.3 eV and 0.7 MeV).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 3
  NAME                        ="CAT1_PZ_BLP_SIGMA"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 30
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Estimated uncertainty (1-sigma) in CAT1_PZ_BLP_SIGMA.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 4
  NAME                        ="CAT1_PZ_LIG"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 40
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Net area of the peak in the CAT1 spectrum from the 6Li(n,t)
      reaction for the +Z phoswich. CAT1_PZ_LIG is sensitive to thermal
      (<0.3 eV)and epithermal neutrons.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 5
  NAME                        ="CAT1_PZ_LIG_SIGMA"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 50
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Estimated uncertainty (1-sigma) in CAT1_PZ_LIG.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 6
  NAME                        ="CAT2_MZ"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 60
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Net area for the 478 keV peak from the CAT2 coincidence between the
      BGO and -Z BLP scintillators. The peak results from the deposition of
      93 keVee by the 10B(n,alpha) reaction products in the BLP in coincidence
      with the deposition of 478 keV in the BGO scintillator. Since the -Z
      scintillator is shielded by Gd and Li-glass, CAT2_MZ is primarily
      sensitive to epithermal neutrons (between 0.3 eV and 0.7 MeV).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 7
  NAME                        ="CAT2_MZ_SIGMA"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 70
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Estimated uncertainty (1-sigma) in CAT1_MZ.
"
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 8
  NAME                        ="CAT2_MY"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 80
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Net area for the 478 keV peak from the CAT2 coincidence between the
      BGO and -Y BLP scintillators. The peak results from the deposition of
      93 keVee by the 10B(n,alpha) reaction products in the BLP in coincidence
      with the deposition of 478 keV in the BGO scintillator. Since the -Y
      BLP is unshielded, CAT2_MY is sensitive to thermal and epithermal
      neutrons.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 9
  NAME                        ="CAT2_MY_SIGMA"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 90
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Estimated uncertainty (1-sigma) in CAT1_MY.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 10
  NAME                        ="CAT2_PY"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 100
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Net area for the 478 keV peak from the CAT2 coincidence between the
      BGO and +Y BLP scintillators. The peak results from the deposition of
      93 keVee by the 10B(n,alpha) reaction products in the BLP in coincidence
      with the deposition of 478 keV in the BGO scintillator. Since the +Y
      BLP is unshielded, CAT2_PY is sensitive to thermal and epithermal
      neutrons.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 11
  NAME                        ="CAT2_PY_SIGMA"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 110
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Estimated uncertainty (1-sigma) in CAT1_PY.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 12
  NAME                        ="CAT2_PZ"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 120
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Net area for the 478 keV peak from the CAT2 coincidence between the
      BGO and +Z BLP scintillators. The peak results from the deposition of
      93 keVee by the 10B(n,alpha) reaction products in the BLP in coincidence
      with the deposition of 478 keV in the BGO scintillator. Since the +Z
      scintillator is shielded by Gd and Li-glass, CAT2_PZ is primarily
      sensitive to epithermal neutrons (between 0.3 eV and 0.7 MeV).
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 13
  NAME                        ="CAT2_PZ_SIGMA"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 130
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Estimated uncertainty (1-sigma) in CAT1_PZ.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 14
  NAME                        ="FAST_MZ"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 140
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Fast neutron counting rate measured by the -Z BLP scintillator, determined
      from the event buffer and scaler counting data. FAST_MZ is sensitive
      to neutrons with energies greater than 0.7 MeV.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 15
  NAME                        ="FAST_MZ_SIGMA"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 150
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Estimated uncertainty (1-sigma) in FAST_MZ.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 16
  NAME                        ="FAST_MY"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 160
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Fast neutron counting rate measured by the -Y BLP scintillator, determined
      from the event buffer and scaler counting data. FAST_MY is sensitive
      to neutrons with energies greater than 0.7 MeV.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 17
  NAME                        ="FAST_MY_SIGMA"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 170
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Estimated uncertainty (1-sigma) in FAST_MY.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 18
  NAME                        ="FAST_PY"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 180
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Fast neutron counting rate measured by the +Y BLP scintillator, determined
      from the event buffer and scaler counting data. FAST_PY is sensitive
      to neutrons with energies greater than 0.7 MeV.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 19
  NAME                        ="FAST_PY_SIGMA"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 190
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Estimated uncertainty (1-sigma) in FAST_PY.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 20
  NAME                        ="FAST_PZ"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 200
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Fast neutron counting rate measured by the +Z BLP scintillator, determined
      from the event buffer and scaler counting data. FAST_PZ is sensitive
      to neutrons with energies greater than 0.7 MeV.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 21
  NAME                        ="FAST_PZ_SIGMA"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 210
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Estimated uncertainty (1-sigma) in FAST_PZ.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN
                                                                                

A.4.3 Gamma Ray Counting Rates Format File

These files contain a time series of net areas for selected full energy interaction peaks from the pulse height spectrum acquired by the BGO sensor. Propagated uncertainties (1-sigma) are provided. This format file is named 'GRD_L1B-GCR.FMT'.

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 1
  NAME                        ="SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  START_BYTE                  = 1
  BYTES                       = 19
  FORMAT                      = "A19"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) at the middle of each time
      interval in the series. The time format is yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 2
  NAME                        ="BGO_ANNIHILATION"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 20
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Net area for the 511 keV gamma ray peak (from positron
      annihilation) from the spectrum acquired by the BGO sensor.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 3
  NAME                        ="BGO_ANNIHILATION_SIGMA"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 30
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Estimated uncertainty (1-sigma) in BGO_ANNIHILATION.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 4
  NAME                        ="BGO_P22"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 40
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Net area for the gamma ray peak identified as the
      2.21 MeV gamma ray from neutron nonelastic scattering with Al from the
      spectrum acquired by the BGO sensor.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 5
  NAME                        ="BGO_P22_SIGMA"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 50
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Estimated uncertainty (1-sigma) in BGO_P22.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 6
  NAME                        ="BGO_P44"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 60
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Net area for the gamma ray peak identified as the
      4.438 MeV gamma ray from the first excited state of 12C from the
      spectrum acquired by the BGO sensor.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 7
  NAME                        ="BGO_P44_SIGMA"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 70
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Estimated uncertainty (1-sigma) in BGO_P44.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 8
  NAME                        ="BGO_P61"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 80
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Net area for the gamma ray peak at identified as the
      6.129 MeV gamma ray from neutron nonelastic scattering with O from the
      spectrum acquired by the BGO sensor.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 9
  NAME                        ="BGO_P61_SIGMA"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 90
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Estimated uncertainty (1-sigma) in BGO_P61.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 10
  NAME                        ="BGO_FE"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 100
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Net area for the gamma ray peak at 7.6 MeV from neutron
      capture with Fe from the spectrum acquired by the BGO sensor.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  COLUMN_NUMBER               = 11
  NAME                        ="BGO_FE_SIGMA"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_REAL
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND"
  START_BYTE                  = 110
  BYTES                       = 10
  FORMAT                      = "F10.5"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Estimated uncertainty (1-sigma) in BGO_FE.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN
                                                                                

A.4.4 Gamma Ray Pulse Height Spectra Format File

Contains a time series of BGO 1024-channel pulse height spectra that have been adjusted so that the offset is 0 keV with a slope of 8.9 keV/channel. Note that the method for determining the uncertainty in the counting rates for each channel is provided in the format file. This format file is named 'GRD_L1B-BGO.FMT'.

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="SCET_UTC"
  DATA_TYPE                   = TIME
  START_BYTE                  = 1
  BYTES                       = 19
  FORMAT                      = "A19"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      The UTC spacecraft event time (SCET) at the middle of each time
      interval in the series. The time format is yyyy-mm-ddThr:mn:sc.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN

OBJECT                        = COLUMN
  NAME                        ="GAMMA_SPECTRUM_BGO"
  DATA_TYPE                   = ASCII_INTEGER
  UNIT                        = "COUNTS/SECOND/CHANNNEL"
  START_BYTE                  = 21
  BYTES                       = 11264
  ITEMS                       = 1024
  ITEM_BYTES                  = 11
  FORMAT                      = "F11.6"
  DESCRIPTION                 = "
      Average gamma ray pulse height spectrum measured by the BGO sensor
      (1024 channels)corrected for ADC differential nonlinearity and with the
      gain and offset adjusted to 8.9 keV/channel and 0 keV, respectively.
      The uncertainty (1-sigma) in the counting rate for channel i is given by
      SIGMA_i = SQRT(GAMMA_SPECTRUM_BGO_i*LIVE_TIME))/LIVE_TIME
      LIVE_TIME is defined in GRD_L1B-EPM.FMT.
 "
END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN
                                                                                

A.5 Index Table Label

PDS_VERSION_ID                = PDS3 
RECORD_TYPE                   = FIXED_LENGTH 
RECORD_BYTES                  = 359 
FILE_RECORDS                  = 35 
^HEADER                       = ("INDEX.TAB", 1<BYTES>) 
^INDEX_TABLE                  = ("INDEX.TAB", 360<BYTES>) 
INSTRUMENT_HOST_ID            = "DAWN" 

OBJECT                        = HEADER 
  HEADER_TYPE                 = "TEXT"   
  DESCRIPTION                 = "This row assigns named 
                                 to each column." 
  RECORDS                     = 1   
  BYTES                       = 359 
END_OBJECT = HEADER 

OBJECT                        = INDEX_TABLE 
  INTERCHANGE_FORMAT          = ASCII 
  INDEX_TYPE                  = SINGLE 
  DESCRIPTION                 = "INDEX.TAB lists all the data files on
                                 this volume. It starts on line two 
                                 because the first row has column headers" 
  ROW_BYTES                   = 359
  ROWS                        = 34  
  COLUMNS                     = 15  
  
  OBJECT                      = COLUMN  
    NAME                      = DATA_SET_ID  
    DESCRIPTION               = "The DATA_SET_ID  
                                 associated with the file.  
                                 Please refer to the PDS Data Dictionary for  
                                 a full description"  
    DATA_TYPE                 = CHARACTER  
    START_BYTE                = 2  
    BYTES                     = 35  
  END_OBJECT                  = COLUMN  
  
  OBJECT                      = COLUMN  
    NAME                      = FILE_SPECIFICATION_NAME  
    DESCRIPTION               = "The FILE_SPECIFICATION_NAME  
                                 associated with the file.  
                                 Please refer to the PDS Data Dictionary for  
                                 a full description"  
    DATA_TYPE                 = CHARACTER  
    START_BYTE                = 40  
    BYTES                     = 91  
  END_OBJECT                  = COLUMN  

  OBJECT                      = COLUMN  
    NAME                      = PRODUCT_ID  
    DESCRIPTION               = "The PRODUCT_ID  
                                associated with the file.  
                                Please refer to the PDS Data Dictionary for  
                                a full description"  
    DATA_TYPE                 = CHARACTER  
    START_BYTE                = 134  
    BYTES                     = 10  
  END_OBJECT                  = COLUMN  

  OBJECT                      = COLUMN  
    NAME                      = VOLUME_ID  
    DESCRIPTION               = "The VOLUME_ID  
                                 associated with the file.  
                                 Please refer to the PDS Data Dictionary for  
                                 a full description"  
    DATA_TYPE                 = CHARACTER  
    START_BYTE                = 147  
    BYTES                     = 10  
  END_OBJECT                  = COLUMN  

  OBJECT                      = COLUMN  
    NAME                      = PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME  
    DESCRIPTION               = "The PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME  
                                 associated with the file.  
                                 Please refer to the PDS Data Dictionary for  
                                 a full description"  
    DATA_TYPE                 = TIME  
    START_BYTE                = 159  
    BYTES                     = 21  
  END_OBJECT                  = COLUMN  

  OBJECT                      = COLUMN  
    NAME                      = START_TIME  
    DESCRIPTION               = "The START_TIME  
                                 associated with the file.  
                                 Please refer to the PDS Data Dictionary for  
                                 a full description"  
    DATA_TYPE                  = TIME  
    START_BYTE                 = 181  
    BYTES                      = 16  
  END_OBJECT                   = COLUMN  

  OBJECT                       = COLUMN  
    NAME                       = STOP_TIME  
    DESCRIPTION                = "The STOP_TIME  
                                  associated with the file.  
                                  Please refer to the PDS Data Dictionary for  
                                  a full description"  
    DATA_TYPE                  = TIME  
    START_BYTE                 = 198  
    BYTES                      = 16  
  END_OBJECT                   = COLUMN  

  OBJECT                       = COLUMN  
    NAME                       = MISSION_PHASE_NAME  
    DESCRIPTION                = "The MISSION_PHASE_NAME  
                                  associated with the file.  
                                  Please refer to the PDS Data Dictionary for  
                                  a full description"  
    DATA_TYPE                  = CHARACTER  
    START_BYTE                 = 216  
    BYTES                      = 25  
  END_OBJECT                   = COLUMN  

  OBJECT                       = COLUMN  
    NAME                       = INSTRUMENT_ID  
    DESCRIPTION                = "The INSTRUMENT_ID  
                                  associated with the file.  
                                  Please refer to the PDS Data Dictionary for  
                                  a full description"  
    DATA_TYPE                  = CHARACTER  
    START_BYTE                 = 244  
    BYTES                      = 13  
  END_OBJECT                   = COLUMN  
                         
  OBJECT                       = COLUMN  
    NAME                       = TARGET_TYPE  
    DESCRIPTION                = "The TARGET_TYPE  
                                  associated with the file.  
                                  Please refer to the PDS Data Dictionary for  
                                  a full description"  
    DATA_TYPE                  = CHARACTER  
    START_BYTE                 = 260  
    BYTES                      = 11  
  END_OBJECT                   = COLUMN  
                         
  OBJECT                       = COLUMN  
    NAME                       = TARGET_NAME  
    DESCRIPTION                = "The TARGET_NAME  
                                  associated with the file.  
                                  Please refer to the PDS Data Dictionary for  
                                  a full description"  
    DATA_TYPE                  = CHARACTER  
    START_BYTE                 = 274  
    BYTES                      = 11  
  END_OBJECT                   = COLUMN  
                         
  OBJECT                       = COLUMN  
    NAME                       = ORBIT_NUMBER  
    DESCRIPTION                = "The ORBIT_NUMBER  
                                  associated with the file.  
                                  Please refer to the PDS Data Dictionary for  
                                  a full description"  
    DATA_TYPE                  = CHARACTER  
    START_BYTE                 = 287  
    BYTES                      = 12  
  END_OBJECT                   = COLUMN  

  OBJECT                       = COLUMN  
    NAME                       = INTEGRATION_DURATION  
    DESCRIPTION                = "The INTEGRATION_DURATION  
                                  associated with the file.  
                                  Please refer to the PDS Data Dictionary for  
                                  a full description"  
    DATA_TYPE                   = CHARACTER  
    START_BYTE                  = 301  
    BYTES                       = 20  
  END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN  

  OBJECT                        = COLUMN  
    NAME                        = OBSERVATION_ID  
    DESCRIPTION                 = "The OBSERVATION_ID  
                                   associated with the file.  
                                   Please refer to the PDS Data Dictionary for  
                                   a full description"  
    DATA_TYPE                   = CHARACTER  
    START_BYTE                  = 324  
    BYTES                       = 14  
  END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN  

  OBJECT                        = COLUMN  
    NAME                        = OBSERVATION_TYPE  
    DESCRIPTION                 = "The OBSERVATION_TYPE  
                                   associated with the file.  
                                   Please refer to the PDS Data Dictionary for  
                                   a full description"  
    DATA_TYPE                   = CHARACTER  
    START_BYTE                  = 341  
    BYTES                       = 16  
  END_OBJECT                    = COLUMN  

END_OBJECT                      = INDEX_TABLE  
END         
                                                                                     

A.6 Example Document Label

The following is an example document label. The label provided here is for the GRaND Data Processing document.

PDS_VERSION_ID                = PDS3 
MISSION_NAME                  = "DAWN MISSION TO VESTA AND CERES" 
SPACECRAFT_NAME               = "DAWN" 
INSTRUMENT_NAME               = "GAMMA RAY AND NEUTRON DETECTOR" 
INSTRUMENT_ID                 = "GRAND" 
DATA_SET_ID                   = {"DAWN-M-GRAND-2-EDR-MARS-COUNTS-V1.0",
                                 "DAWN-X-GRAND-2-EDR-CRUISE-COUNTS-V1.0", 
                                 "DAWN-M-GRAND-3-RDR-CRUISE-COUNTS-V1.0"}
PRODUCT_ID                    = "GRAND_DATA_PROC" 
PRODUCT_TYPE                  = "DOCUMENT" 
RECORD_TYPE                   = STREAM   
DESCRIPTION                   = "
                            PDS Data Processing 
                      Gamma Ray and Neutron Detector 
               Thomas H. Prettyman and William C. Feldman 
                         Version 2.3, 09-Feb-2010 
          Data processing for the reduction of gamma ray and neutron 
       spectroscopy data acquired by the NASA Dawn mission's Gamma Ray 
              and Neutron Detector (GRaND) is described." 

OBJECT                        = PDF_DOCUMENT 
  DOCUMENT_NAME               ="GRaND Data Processing Description V2.3" 
  DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE         = "DATA ANALYSIS" 
  INTERCHANGE_FORMAT          = BINARY 
  DOCUMENT_FORMAT             = "ADOBE PDF" 
  PUBLICATION_DATE            = 2010-02-09 
  FILES                       = 1           
END_OBJECT                    = PDF_DOCUMENT 

OBJECT                        = HTML_DOCUMENT 
  DOCUMENT_NAME               ="GRaND Data Processing Description V2.3" 
  DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE         = "DATA ANALYSIS" 
  INTERCHANGE_FORMAT          = ASCII 
  DOCUMENT_FORMAT             = "HTML" 
  PUBLICATION_DATE            = 2010-02-09 
  FILES                       = 1 
END_OBJECT                    = HTML_DOCUMENT

OBJECT                        = JPG_DOCUMENT 
  DOCUMENT_NAME               ="GRaND Data Processing Description V2.3" 
  DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE         = "DATA ANALYSIS" 
  INTERCHANGE_FORMAT          = BINARY 
  DOCUMENT_FORMAT             = "JPG" 
  PUBLICATION_DATE            = 2010-02-09 
  FILES                       = 36 
  DESCRIPTION                 = "These are the JPG images referenced by the HTML 
                                 version of the data processing document." 
END_OBJECT = JPG_DOCUMENT 

^PDF_DOCUMENT                 = "GRAND_DATA_PROC.PDF" 
^HTML_DOCUMENT                = "GRAND_DATA_PROC.HTM" 
^JPG_DOCUMENT                 = {
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_0.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_1.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_2.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_3.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_4.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_5.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_6.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_7.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_8.JPG",
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_9.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_10.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_11.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_12.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_13.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_14.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_15.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_16.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_17.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_18.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_19.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_20.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_21.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_22.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_23.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_24.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_25.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_26.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_27.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_28.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_29.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_30.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_31.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_32.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_33.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_34.JPG", 
                                 "GRAND_DATA_PROC_IMG_35.JPG" }
END                                                                             

B. Appendix B. Support Staff and Cognizant Persons

      ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Table 15: GRaND Archive Generation Support Staff  
      ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                           Instrument Team  
      ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Dr. Thomas H. Prettyman    Planetary Science Institute     520-622-6300   prettyman@psi.edu
                                 Albuquerque, NM    
      ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 DSC
      ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Dr. Steven P. Joy          UCLA-IGPP                       310-825-3506   sjoy@igpp.ucla.edu
      PPI Operations Manager     405 Hilgard Ave               
                                 Los Angeles, CA 90095-1567    
                                                               
      Mr. Joe Mafi               UCLA-IGPP                       310-206-6073   jmafi@igpp.ucla.edu 
      PPI Data Engineer          405 Hilgard Ave 
                                 Los Angeles,  CA 90095-1567   
      ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 SBN
      ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Ms. Carol Neese            Planetary Science Institute     520-322-8060   neese@psi.edu
                                 1700 East Ft. Lowell, Ste. 106 
                                 Tucson, AZ 85719-2395    
   
      Dr. Mark V. Sykes          Planetary Science Institute     520-322-8925   sykes@psi.edu
                                 1700 East Ft. Lowell, Ste. 106 
                                 Tucson, AZ 85719-2395    
      ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------